Development of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in some Egyptian veterinary farms

Abstract

Background and Aim: Food of animal origin is considered a major source of foodborne diseases. In this context, multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli pose a serious hazard to public health due to the consumption of food contaminated with antibiotics that are used for the treatment of various bacterial infections in farm animals. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of the excessive use of antibiotics on the development of MDR E. coli strains in Egyptian poultry, dairy, and meat farms. Materials and Methods: A total of 1225 samples were randomly collected from poultry, dairy, and meat products intended for human consumption in different governorates. E. coli were isolated from the collected samples and subjected to biochemical identification and antibiotic sensitivity tests with antibiotics commonly used in human and veterinary medicine. Then, amoxicillin (AML)- and oxytetracycline (OT)-resistant E. coli isolates were subjected to a polymerase chain reaction test to detect the blaTEM and tetA genes, respectively. Results: E. coli were isolated from 132 out of 350, 148 out of 350, 177 out of 350, and 35 out of 175 poultry, milk, meat, and human samples, respectively. Most of the isolates expressed multidrug resistance, and resistance genes (blaTEM and tetA) were detected in all the tested AML- and OT-resistant E. coli isolates. Conclusion: Foods of animal origin may represent a source of MDR E. coli, which can be a major threat to public health.

Study on Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Producing Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) from Chicken Meat and its Products

“…in the last two decades E. coliproducing ESBLS have been widely reported in animals and humans posing a severe public health threat (Koju et al 2022). Moreover, the presence of E. coli in chicken meat implies fecal pollution which could be caused by poor slaughtering practices, contaminated surfaces and/or meat handling (Samy et al 2022). Results relating to the prevalence of E. coli in chicken meat and chicken meat products shown in Table 2 appear to be similar to Eman and Sherifa (2012) as 25% in luncheon.…”

“…Escherichia coli is regularly recovered from the digestive tracts of domestic and wild animals as well as humans. It is one of the most important foods borne infections of public health significance incriminated in poultry meat and meat products worldwide (Samy et al 2022). Enterotoxigenic E. coli infections cause abdominal cramps, low-grade fever, watery diarrhea, and nausea (Yang et al 2017).…”

Antibiotic Resistance in Selected Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens—An Issue of Concern?

“…Many works have confirmed the multidrug resistance of the foodborne pathotypes of E. coli [154,155,162] (Table 3). The frequency of MDR isolates resistant to three or more antimicrobial classes exceeded 85% [158,161] and, in some cases, affected all the isolates described [150,151].…”

Genomic insights into virulence, antimicrobial resistance, and adaptation acumen of Escherichia coli isolated from an urban environment

“…Biofilms facilitate and amplify resistance to multiple antibiotics due to various factors, such as limited diffusion of antimicrobial agents through the biofilm matrix, reduced interaction of antimicrobial agents with the biofilm-forming bacteria, enzyme-mediated resistance, changes in cellular metabolism levels within the biofilm, and adaptations of the outer membrane structures ( 16 ). Recent research has unveiled the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli in poultry and farm animals, as indicated by some studies ( 17 , 18 ), and highlighted the associated risks of transmission from such sources ( 19 ). Moreover, freshwater bodies across the globe have been found to harbor MDR E. coli bacteria ( 20 – 22 ).…”