Development of Modified Arcan Fixture for biaxial loading response of fiber-reinforced composites

Hao, P.; Din, Israr Ud; Panier, S.

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.106148

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This routing of the fibers orientated along 1 axis coincides with a pronounced increase in failure displacement. The occurrence of fiber rotation during loading and subsequent deformation has a significant effect on the non-linear behaviour of composite laminates [42,43]. During the shear loading, we can expect fibers in the specimen longitudinal direction to rotate, following the movement of the clamps that introduces rigid body rotation.…”

Section: Damage Mechanisms and Acoustic Emission Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tension and Shear Behaviour of Basalt Fiber Bio-Composites with Digital Image Correlation and Acoustic Emission Monitoring

Kek,

Šturm,

Bergant

2024

Polymers

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This research investigates the mechanical behavior and damage evolution in cross-ply basalt fiber composites subjected to different loading modes. A modified Arcan rig for simultaneous acoustic emission (AE) monitoring was designed and manufactured to apply quasi-isotropic shear, combined tensile and shear loading, and pure tensile loading on specimens with a central notch. Digital image correlation (DIC) was applied for high-resolution strain measurements. The measured failure strengths of the bio-composite specimens under different loading angles are presented. The different competing failure mechanisms that contribute to the local reduction in stress concentration are described. Different damage mechanisms trigger elastic waves in the composite, with distinct AE signatures that closely follow the sequence of fracture mechanisms. AE monitoring is employed to capture signals associated with structural damage initiation and progression. The characteristic parameters of AE signals are correlated with crack modes and damage mechanisms. The evolution of AE parameters during the peak load transition is presented, which enables the timely AE detection of the maximum load transition. The combination of DIC and AE monitoring improves understanding of the mechanical response and failure mechanisms in cross-ply basalt fiber composites, offering valuable insights for possible performance monitoring and structural reliability in diverse engineering applications.

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Section: Damage Mechanisms and Acoustic Emission Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tension and Shear Behaviour of Basalt Fiber Bio-Composites with Digital Image Correlation and Acoustic Emission Monitoring

Kek,

Šturm,

Bergant

2024

Polymers

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“…Gauge length plays an important role in ensuring the uniformity of the stress distribution during biaxial composite tests. Gan et al [21] and Hao et al [22] used the gauge lengths of 28.56 mm and 25 mm for 1-2 plane biaxial tests of unidirectional GFRP with different stacking sequences and woven CFRP specimens, respectively. However, according to the data of The World-Wide Failure Exercise (WWFE-I, II and III) [31,32], failure under biaxial loading in the 1-3 plane occurred at much higher loads.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Design Of The Specimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, there are several methods for the experimental determination of the properties of laminates under quasi-static biaxial loading [8,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. To allow for a detailed evaluation of the effectiveness of the different approaches, researchers [19][20][21][22] used 2D digital image correlation (DIC) to obtain full-field strain measurements, thus identifying damage during loading. In [24,25], a comprehensive review of the digital image correlation technique is presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the authors noted that the design of the fixture and specimen geometry should be modified to study the mechanical behaviour of CFRPs. In [22,23], the modified test fixture was equipped with guide units that increased the stiffness of the apparatus. However, the researchers analysed the behaviour of CFRPs for combined transverse compression and in-plane shear loading, while the possibility of using a new device to determine interlaminar shear properties under the through-thickness compression loading was not considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Interlaminar Shear Properties of Fibre-Reinforced Composites under Biaxial Loading: A New Experimental Approach

et al. 2022

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The complexity of biaxial tests and analysis of their results makes it difficult to study the interlaminar shear properties of fibre-reinforced composites, particularly under through-thickness compression, which occurs in thick-walled composite elements. The improvements in experimental methods to study the features of the nonlinear behaviour of composites under biaxial loading is now an important and relevant task in the development aircraft structural elements made of сarbon fibre-reinforced polymers. This study aimed to develop a new experimental approach for the reliable determination of the interlaminar shear properties of laminates under through-thickness compression using a standard testing machine. An appropriate V-notched specimen was developed based on the configuration of well-known Iosipescu and butterfly-shaped specimens. The approach is demonstrated using woven carbon/epoxy laminates. Both the preliminary assessment of the stress fields under combined compression/shear loading and the analysis of fracture mechanisms were performed with finite-element modelling in a three-dimensional formulation. The digital image correlation (DIC) method was used to obtain experimental, full-field deformations of the specimens and to estimate the uniformity of the strain distribution in the gauge section. The stress–strain curves were obtained under biaxial loading, and the corresponding features of the composite failure behaviour were analysed in detail. It was found that the maximum compression strain on the stress–strain curves, in some cases, corresponded to the discontinuity in the composite structure. In these cases, the disproportionate changes in through-thickness strains in the gauge section of the specimens were recorded at the maximum load. With the increase in through-thickness compression stresses, the difference between the shear strength values, determined by the maximum load and the maximum compressive strain, increased by up to 20%. It was shown that the assessment of the composite strength at maximum load at the design stage significantly increased the risk of premature failure of the composite elements during exploitation.

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“…Some of the most well-known test methods are Iosipescu shear (ASTM D 5379), ±45° tension shear (ASTM D 3518), two-rail and three-rail shear (ASTM D 4255), double-notched shear (ASTM D 3846), V-Notched Beam (ASTM D5379), torsion of a thin tube (ASTM D 5448), torsion of a solid rod (ASTM E 143), V-notched rail shear (ASTM 7078), picture frame shear (ASTM D 8067), and so on. These in-plane shear test methods are applied and discussed in many studies [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], in addition to these, the Arcan and modified Arcan test methods were also applied by some scholars to obtain the in-plane pure shear properties of the composite materials [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. However, most of these above-mentioned methods are limited to the specimen geometry, layups and shear stress area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the In-Plane Shear-after-Impact Properties of CFRP Composite Laminates

Liu

2022

Materials

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Impact loading on carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix (CFRP) composite laminates can result in a significant reduction in their residual properties, and the (ShAI) properties of the composite material are essential to obtain the material allowable values of the shear dominated composite structures. In order to obtain the ShAI properties of the composite material in pure shear stress at a coupon level, this study presents theoretical, experimental, and numerical methods and analysis work on the in-plane shear and ShAI properties of the composite laminates. Theoretically, a method of sizing the composite specimen loading in shear is developed through comparing the load values due to buckling and the material failure. Following this, both impact tests using the drop-weight method and ShAI tests using the picture frame test method are conducted, and the influences of the impact energies on the impact damage and the residual ShAI values are evaluated. Moreover, a progressive failure finite element model based on the Hashin’s failure criterion and the cohesive zone model is developed, and a two-step dynamic analysis method is performed to simulate the failure process of the composite laminates under impact loading and ShAI loading. It is found that the impact damage with the cut-off energy, 50 J, causes a 26.8% reduction in the residual strength and the residual effective shear failure strain is about 0.0132. The primary reason of the shear failure is the propagation of both the matrix tensile failure and interlaminar delamination. It can be concluded that the proposed theoretical, experimental, and numerical methods are promising factors to study the ShAI properties of the composite materials.

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Development of Modified Arcan Fixture for biaxial loading response of fiber-reinforced composites

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Tension and Shear Behaviour of Basalt Fiber Bio-Composites with Digital Image Correlation and Acoustic Emission Monitoring

Tension and Shear Behaviour of Basalt Fiber Bio-Composites with Digital Image Correlation and Acoustic Emission Monitoring

Determination of Interlaminar Shear Properties of Fibre-Reinforced Composites under Biaxial Loading: A New Experimental Approach

A Study on the In-Plane Shear-after-Impact Properties of CFRP Composite Laminates

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