Development of micro power generators – A review

Chou, S.K.; Yang, Wenming; Chua, K.J.; Li, J.; Zhang, Kaili

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.07.010

Cited by 361 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…For a small volume of the reaction chamber, the surface-to-volume ratio becomes large, and the heat escapes from the volume too quickly to sustain the combustion. Quenching of the reactions is the main obstacle for scaling down internal combustion engines [5,6], which could be used to power different kinds of micro and minidevices [7,8]. Nevertheless, combustion of a stoichiometric mixture of hydrogen and oxygen was recently observed in nanobubbles [9,10] and at special conditions in microbubbles [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Assisted Combustion of Hydrogen-Oxygen Mixture in Nanobubbles Produced by Electrolysis

2017

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Abstract:The spontaneous combustion of hydrogen-oxygen mixture observed in nanobubbles at room temperature is a puzzling phenomenon that has no explanation in the standard combustion theory. We suggest that the hydrogen atoms needed to ignite the reaction could be generated on charged sites at the gas-liquid interface. Equations of chemical kinetics augmented by the surface dissociation of hydrogen molecules are solved, keeping the dissociation probability as a parameter. It is predicted that in contrast with the standard combustion, the surface-assisted process can proceed at room temperature, resulting not only in water, but also in a perceptible amount of hydrogen peroxide in the final state. The combustion time for the nanobubbles with a size of about 100 nm is in the range of 1-100 ns, depending on the dissociation probability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Assisted Combustion of Hydrogen-Oxygen Mixture in Nanobubbles Produced by Electrolysis

2017

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“…Considerable progress has been made on the development of micro-power generation systems (Chou et al, 2011). Due to the small nature of these systems, it is extremely difficult to be able to determine the heat and mass transfer characteristics (i.e.…”

Section: Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Modeling of the Combustion Characteristics and Stability in Catalytic Micro-Channels

Junjie¹,

Xu²

2017

AJHMT

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Combustion characteristics and stability of premixed methane-air mixtures in catalytic micro-channels is studied numerically, using CFD (computational fluid dynamics). The characteristics of the fluid mechanics are also analyzed. A two-dimensional CFD model with detailed reaction mechanisms and multicomponent transport is developed to evaluate the effect of operating conditions on the combustion stability. The laminar flow is assumed, and steady-steady simulations are performed. The fuel-lean equivalence ratio operation limit for the system is determined by the analysis of Reynolds number. The primary focus is on CFD as a means of understanding thermal management at small scales. It is shown that an appropriate choice of the flow velocity is crucial in achieving the self-sustained operation. Large gradients in temperature and species concentration are observed, despite the small scales of the system under certain conditions. The flow velocity is very important as it determines the flame location. Furthermore, the flow velocity plays a dual, competing role in the stability of the system. Low flow velocities reduce the heat generation, whereas high flow velocities reduce the convective time-scale. There is a narrow regime of flow velocities that allows self-sustained operation. When a low-power system is desired, highly insulating materials should be preferred, whereas a high-power system would favor highly conductive materials. Engineering maps that delineate combustion stability are constructed. In order to gain further insight into the combustion characteristics of the system, the optimum Reynolds number is determined. Finally, design recommendations are made.

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“…New concepts such as the nanomaterial based battery [9], combustion-based micro-power generator [10] and micro fuel cell [11,12], are the hopes of the future.…”

Section: Why Energy Harvesting?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar cells on CMOS chips as energy harvesters : integration and CMOS compatibility

Lu¹

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Development of micro power generators – A review

Cited by 361 publications

References 67 publications

Surface Assisted Combustion of Hydrogen-Oxygen Mixture in Nanobubbles Produced by Electrolysis

Surface Assisted Combustion of Hydrogen-Oxygen Mixture in Nanobubbles Produced by Electrolysis

CFD Modeling of the Combustion Characteristics and Stability in Catalytic Micro-Channels

Solar cells on CMOS chips as energy harvesters : integration and CMOS compatibility

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