Development of Methods for Designing Rational Trusses

Abstract

Striving for rationality and long-term reliability is seen in different periods of building activities. Application of linear programming methods has enabled to formalise this striving and to elaborate the necessary mathematical models. But later theoretical and practical investigations have disclosed that not always, when optimising in respect of one criterion, it is possible to obtain solutions rational in other aspects, and this stimulated the application of multicriteria optimization methods. It is useful in this case to apply the ideas of the game theory, game problems solving methods already applied in other building design fields. When adapting methods of the game theory to popular needs for truss designing, a criteria set involving 11 alternatives has been selected. Attempts have been made to find rational truss variants by applying different methods (method of proximity to an ideal point, Wald's and Hurwitz's methods). It has been found when using the method of proximity to an ideal point for rational truss designing that a truss with a sloping brace network and pivoted knots supported by a column and composed of rectangular box shapes is more valuable than other trusses. According to Wald's and Hurvitz's methods, among popular spans of 24 m such a truss is the truss with a lowered bottom chord.

Stress-Strain Concentrations in High‐rise Structure Elements and Monotonic Disintegration Under the Influence of Environment Contamination

“…It can be underlined the importance of the striving for rationality and long-term reliability in different periods of buildings viability. Theoretical and practical investigations have disclosed [24] that not always, when optimising in respect of one criterion, it is possible to obtain solutions rational in other aspects (for example, in the aspect of viability taking into account special ser-vice conditions, aggressive environment etc). But it is possible to obtain rational solutions in a finite area of factors by application of multicriteria optimisation methods for truss designing [24].…”

“…Theoretical and practical investigations have disclosed [24] that not always, when optimising in respect of one criterion, it is possible to obtain solutions rational in other aspects (for example, in the aspect of viability taking into account special ser-vice conditions, aggressive environment etc). But it is possible to obtain rational solutions in a finite area of factors by application of multicriteria optimisation methods for truss designing [24]. The mast can be examined as variant of a statically undetermined highrise truss with a special construction of supports: foundations and guys.…”

Efficiency of Rational Combined Steel Trusses

“…The development of steel building structures (roof combined trusses) is connected with the task of increasing their efficiency by reducing mass and, therefore, reducing steel costs. Combined steel structures make it possible to reduce steel consumption by 21-27 % and the cost of their manufacture, which as a result gives a reduction in their actual cost by up to 31 %, compared to typical designs of similar spans (Cazacur et al, 2014;Gogol, 2018;Janušaitis et al, 2012).…”