Development of maize and palisadegrass plants cultivated in intercrop under water deficit

Araújo, Leandro Coelho de; Santos, P. M.; Mendonça, Fernando Campos; Barros, Cabral de; Carlos, São

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982011000700001

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…With the use of appropriate management techniques, the intercropping of the two species do not compromise corn yield Costa et al, 2012;Borghi et al, 2013;Ceccon et al, 2013). During the coexistence period, palisadegrass has its physiological parameters altered via a slower rate of development when compared to its individual cultivation (Araujo et al, 2011;Baldé et al, 2011). Still, it is an efficient system for the establishment and renewal of pastures because 70 days after corn harvest, the regrowth of palisadegrass presents a biomass establishment similar to palisadegrass grown exclusively (Portes et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on yield components in a corn-palisadegrass intercropping system

Almeida¹,

Favarin²,

Otto³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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Pasture and grain crop intercropping is considered an alternative for increasing biomass production during the winter periods in Brazil for the establishment of no-tillage systems. We studied nitrogen (N) fertilization rates in a corn-palisadegrass intercropping system that would allow both corn and biomass production without a reduction in corn yield. A field trial was carried out in São Desidério, Bahia -Brazil using a complete block experimental design with a 5 x 2 factorial layout with two factors: N rate (control, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha -1 N) and two cropping systems (corn with or without palisadegrass). Both corn and palisadegrass were sown simultaneously with N fertilizer applied at sowing. The measurements included corn biomass, grain yield and N uptake. In addition, palisadegrass biomass was assessed at corn harvest and at three consecutive times during the winter. There was an interaction between N rates and the intercropping system. Grain yield was affected by intercropping when N fertilizer rates were lower than 100 kg ha -1 , but above that rate, corn grain yield reached 10,000 kg ha -1 and was similar with or without palisadegrass. Nitrogen fertilizers also positively affected corn N uptake. There was no residual effect of N fertilization on palisadegrass biomass production during the sampling periods. However, the biomass of the palisadegrass increased during the winter period and reached 5,000 kg ha -1 of dry matter by the following season. There was no corn yield reduction when corn was intercropped with palisadegrass using nitrogen rates above 100 kg ha -1 . In addition, it is possible to increase biomass production for the establishment of no-tillage systems in Brazil.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on yield components in a corn-palisadegrass intercropping system

Almeida¹,

Favarin²,

Otto³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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“…The water balance simulations for the joint corn-palisade grass cropping were performed with the aid of the Sarrazon computational program (Baron et al, 1996), considering sowing on the 5 th , 15 th and 25 th day of each month, in the period from September to December. For the simulations, historical series consisting of daily rainfall data going back from 15 to 30 years, obtained from measurement posts located in the state of São Paulo belonging to the National Water Agency (ANA) and the Department of Water and Electricity (DAEE) were used ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The individual analyses of the two cultures show that unfavorable climate conditions limit the growth and development of the plants, particularly water deficiency (Guenni et al, 2002;Bergamaschi et al, 2006). For corn, the most critical periods are flowering and grain filling (Sans et al, 2001;Bergamaschi et al, 2004), while for palisade grass the germination, emergence and tillering phases are the most critical for establishment of productive pastures (Araujo et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climatic risk zoning for corn and palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv: Marandu) cultivated in integrated crop-livestock systems in São Paulo state, Brazil

et al. 2012

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-Climatic risk zoning allows the identification of areas of low risk of reduced crop productivity due to climatic events. In Brazil, losses to agriculture due to climate are mainly caused by drought. The objective of this research was to determine areas of low climatic risk for corn and palisade grass cultivated in integrated crop-livestock systems in Sao Paulo state. Corn varieties characterized by a 120-day growing cycle and soil with three different water holding capacities (sandy, medium and clayey soils) were considered. A daily water balance model was used to simulate planting dates between September and December. The water requirement satisfaction index (WRSI) was calculated for critical phenological phases of both cultures (germination, emergence and tillering of palisade grass and flowering and grain filling of corn). The WRSI values, calculated for a minimum frequency of 80%, were located spatially using the SPRING v. 5.1 geographic information system and the most favorable periods for sowing in different areas were determined. The results showed that there are areas of low climatic risk for cultivation of corn and palisade grass in integrated crop-livestock production systems in Sao Paulo state. Although climatic risk in these areas also depends on soil type, the most favorable period for planting is between October and November.

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“…Temperature and precipitation during the two first growing seasons were relatively similar (Table 1) and appropriate for corn development (Borghi et al 2013b;Crusciol et al 2013). According to Bergamaschi et al (2004) and Araujo et al (2011), the amount of precipitation would have allowed corn and intercropped forages to develop without water stress. In the third growing season, weather conditions were also appropriate for soybean development (Crusciol et al 2012(Crusciol et al , 2014.…”

Section: Weather Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Production, nutrient cycling and soil compaction to grazing of grass companion cropping with corn and soybean

Pariz

Costa

Crusciol

et al. 2017

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Agricultural management systems are needed to simultaneously enhance production, promote plant diversity, improve nutrient cycling and reduce soil compaction. We investigated the effects of intercropped forage grass on production of corn (Zea mays L.) harvested for silage at 0.20 and 0.45 m height in the summer, as well as on production of subsequent forage, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] harvested for silage, nutrient cycling and soil responses on a Typic Haplorthox in Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil. Palisade grass cv. BRS Piatã [Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Piatã] was the introduced companion crop with corn (Years 1 and 2), while signal grass [Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk] was the residual weedy species in comparison. Guineagrass cv. Aruãna [Megathyrsus maximus cv. Aruãna] was the introduced companion crop with soybean (Year 3), with only a residual effect of crop systems from the previous two years. After the corn silage harvest, pasture was grazed by lambs in winter/spring using a semi-feedlot system. When cut at 0.45 m compared with 0.20 m height, corn intercropped with palisade grass had greater leaf nutrient concentration, improved agronomic characteristics, forage mass of pasture for grazing by lambs, greater surface mulch produced, and greater quantity of N, P and K returned to soil. Greater soil organic matter, P, K and Mg concentration, and base saturation in the surface soil depth and lower soil penetration resistance at all depths occurred at 0.45 m than at 0.20 m corn silage cutting height intercropped with palisade grass. Analyzing the system as a whole, harvesting corn silage crop with palisade grass intercrop at 0.45 m height was the most viable option in this integrated crop-livestock system.

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Development of maize and palisadegrass plants cultivated in intercrop under water deficit

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on yield components in a corn-palisadegrass intercropping system

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on yield components in a corn-palisadegrass intercropping system

Climatic risk zoning for corn and palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv: Marandu) cultivated in integrated crop-livestock systems in São Paulo state, Brazil

Production, nutrient cycling and soil compaction to grazing of grass companion cropping with corn and soybean

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