Development of magnetic-field-driven artificial cilium array with magnetic orientation in each cilium

Marume, Ryuma; Tsumori, Fujio; Kudo, Kentaro; Osada, Toshiko; Shinagawa, Kazunari

doi:10.7567/jjap.56.06gn15

Cited by 37 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As we have already shown in previous researches, ciliary movement is asymmetric [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. The stroke pattern of a natural cilium consists of 2 different strokes; the effective stroke and the recovery stroke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…If we could apply biomimicry structures of these natural cilia, they would be useful engineering tools. We utilized magnetic elastomer [7][8][9] to mimic the motion of flexible structures in natural cilia [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are now developing a new 3D printing system for magnetic gels or elastomers [17,20,21]. We will try to apply the ferrite material in our future work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bio-mimic Motion of Elastic Material Dispersed with Hard-magnetic Particles

Furusawa

Maeda

Azukizawa

et al. 2019

J. Photopol. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, many researches on biomimetics have been reported, in which soft motions of natural creatures have also been targeted. Among them, cilia are attracting natural soft organ, which is an effective fluidic system in the natural world. Cilium is a simple hair-like organ; however, it works in a non-simple way. For example, beating pattern of natural cilium consists of 2 types of different stroke patterns; effective stroke and recovery stroke. We focused on a cilium as our target as a simple cantilever of a soft elastic material. We have already developed artificial cilia with magnetic elastomers. In this research, we compared cantilever beams with soft-and hard-magnetic particles. In this paper, we performed 2 experiments to compare the characteristics of cantilevers with 2 types of magnetic powders. In the first experiment, we utilized neodymium magnets that could be controlled the angle in order to observe the motion of beams in the static state. The latter one, we actuated beams in rotating magnetic fields to obtain dynamic behavior of an artificial cilium. As a result, we showed some differences between soft-and hard-magnetic materials.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bio-mimic Motion of Elastic Material Dispersed with Hard-magnetic Particles

Furusawa

Maeda

Azukizawa

et al. 2019

J. Photopol. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The vast majority of artificial cilia consist of microactuators that are incorporated in silicone rubber pillars or plate‐like flexible structures in order to mimic the biological hair‐like design. Current actuation methods include electric fields, magnetic fields, vibrations, mechanical forces, or pressurized fluids . However, asymmetric motion remains the most challenging feature to mimic in artificial cilia systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Soft Cilia with Asymmetric Beating Patterns for Biomimetic Low‐Reynolds‐Number Fluid Propulsion

Milana

Gorissen

Peerlinck

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In nature, liquid propulsion in low-Reynolds-number regimes is often achieved by arrays of beating cilia with various forms of motion asymmetry. In particular, spatial asymmetry, where the cilia follow a different trajectory in their effective and recovery strokes, is an efficient way of generating flow in low Reynolds regimes. However, this type of asymmetry is difficult to mimic and control artificially. In this paper, an artificial soft cilium that comprises two pneumatic actuators that can be controlled individually is developed. These two independent degrees of freedom allow for the first time adjustment and study of spatial asymmetry in the cilium's beating pattern. Using low-Reynolds-number flow measurements, it is confirmed that spatial asymmetry allows for the generation of fluid propulsion. These twodegree-of-freedom soft cilia provide a platform to study ciliary fluid transport mechanisms and to mimic biologic viscous propulsion.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201900462. of a single cilium as well as for whole cilia arrays. For a single cilium, orientational, temporal, and spatial asymmetry can be distinguished, [6] where the latter has the highest impact on low Reynolds fluid propulsion. Spatial asymmetry, where the cilium tip describes a different path during the effective and recovery stroke, is quantified by the swept area; the larger the area, the higher the net flow. [7] At the array level, an additional type of asymmetry has been observed, metachronal asymmetry, which is characterized by a phase difference between neighboring cilia [8] that gives rise to a global wave-like movement.With the development of microsystem technology, artificial cilia can now be fabricated and are foreseen to find applications in microrobotic devices, such as microswimmers, [9,10] microsensors, [11] micropumps, [12][13][14] and micromixers. [15][16][17][18] The vast majority of artificial cilia consist of microactuators that are incorporated in silicone rubber pillars or plate-like flexible structures in order to mimic the biological hair-like design. Current actuation methods include electric fields, [15] magnetic fields, [19][20][21][22][23] vibrations, [24,25] mechanical forces, [26] or pressurized fluids. [27,28] However, asymmetric motion remains the most challenging feature to mimic in artificial cilia systems. In nature, nonreciprocal beating is achieved by a change in bending stiffness between the effective and recovery stroke: [29] A higher stiffness is observed during the fast effective stroke, where the cilium does not deform significantly, whereas in the slower recovery phase the cilium has a lower stiffness and tends to be deformed by the drag forces. To mimic such an asymmetric motion, the artificial cilium needs at least two deformation modes that need to be sequentially addressed. This can be achieved through elastic instabilities, [7] the interaction between elastic, viscous, and actuation forces, [26,30] or a multise...

show abstract

“…In this paper, we demonstrated a new 3D-printing system using magnetic particles for artificial cilia. Natural cilia are known as an effective fluidic device, and the motion of cilia has been researched to realize bio-mimic soft actuators [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Several studies on artificial cilia driven magnetically have been reported [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing System of Magnetic Anisotropy for Artificial Cilia

Azukizawa

Shinoda

Tokumaru

et al. 2018

J. Photopol. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, we developed a new 3D-printing system for magnetic elastomer, and demonstrated to fabricate artificial cilia. Natural cilia are hair-like organ found in nature. They are effective fluidic system in the natural world that are widely observed on surfaces of microorganisms of creatures, such as Paramecium and throat surface of mammals. Recently, the motion of cilia has been analyzed and mimicked for developing soft actuator, for example, some studies on artificial cilia driven magnetically have been reported. They are small soft actuators, and there are various manufacturing methods for these actuators depending on materials and products. Among them, authors have already developed the concept of a printing system that not only forms a three-dimensional object but also prints out the deformation of the structure. This system can fabricate various shapes of soft actuators without any assembly. In this report, we utilized UV-curable urethane acrylate as a more flexible material than that used in the previous reports, and fabricated artificial cilia by the printer. We set magnetic anisotropy to each cilium and mimicked a metachronal wave, sequential action of plural cilia that causes effective flow.

show abstract

Development of magnetic-field-driven artificial cilium array with magnetic orientation in each cilium

Cited by 37 publications

References 34 publications

Bio-mimic Motion of Elastic Material Dispersed with Hard-magnetic Particles

Bio-mimic Motion of Elastic Material Dispersed with Hard-magnetic Particles

Artificial Soft Cilia with Asymmetric Beating Patterns for Biomimetic Low‐Reynolds‐Number Fluid Propulsion

3D Printing System of Magnetic Anisotropy for Artificial Cilia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About