Bio-mimic Motion of Elastic Material Dispersed with Hard-magnetic Particles

Abstract

Recently, many researches on biomimetics have been reported, in which soft motions of natural creatures have also been targeted. Among them, cilia are attracting natural soft organ, which is an effective fluidic system in the natural world. Cilium is a simple hair-like organ; however, it works in a non-simple way. For example, beating pattern of natural cilium consists of 2 types of different stroke patterns; effective stroke and recovery stroke. We focused on a cilium as our target as a simple cantilever of a soft elastic material. We have already developed artificial cilia with magnetic elastomers. In this research, we compared cantilever beams with soft-and hard-magnetic particles. In this paper, we performed 2 experiments to compare the characteristics of cantilevers with 2 types of magnetic powders. In the first experiment, we utilized neodymium magnets that could be controlled the angle in order to observe the motion of beams in the static state. The latter one, we actuated beams in rotating magnetic fields to obtain dynamic behavior of an artificial cilium. As a result, we showed some differences between soft-and hard-magnetic materials.

Microfluidic Applications of Artificial Cilia: Recent Progress, Demonstration, and Future Perspectives

“…Motivated by these biological cilia, congeners such as artificial cilia have been advanced and exploited in microfluidics and micro/nanorobotics to realize performances of propelling, transporting, moving, and mixing [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. Even though the in-depth information and uses of artificial cilia in transportation, moving, and sensing will be seen in the upcoming chapters, the insights into the evolvement of artificial cilia from natural cilia are explained here by detailing their participation with examples of each significant application.…”

Active control of surface profile by magnetic micropillar arrays

“…Several methods have been used for the fabrication of magnetic composite materials, both with, [8][9][10][11][12][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and without, 13,[28][29][30][31][32] the use of moulds. The fabrication techniques without moulds, such as 3D or 4D printing 13,[28][29][30][31] and self-organisation of magnetic particles, 32) are convenient, but there are more limitations regarding the applicable materials or the control of product size and structure. With each technique offering unique advantages, moulds are particularly useful when a specific geometry or shape of each pillar is desired.…”

Miniaturization of worm-type soft robot actuated by magnetic field

“…For this purpose, we employed silicone elastomer and rubber magnetic material to downsize the robot. Magnetic elastomer could be used for many purposes, for example, dynamic control of the mechanical properties 19) , energy harvesting 20) , and of course various kinds of soft actuators [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] . There have been many reports for bio-mimic approach using magnetic elastomers, such as artificial cilia [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] and worm-like robots 33,34) .…”