Development of macrolide-resistance and comparative activity of telithromycin in streptococci in Austria, 1996?2002

Prevalence and molecular mechanism of macrolide resistance in β-haemolytic streptococci in The Netherlands

“…As in our study, the cMLS B phenotype was predominant in all these countries, mainly due to the presence of erm(B). The prevalence of the M-phenotype in GBS was also low in previous studies and was mostly encoded by the mef(E) gene [10], but the mef(A) gene has been described occasionally in GBS. During the study period a significant increase in macrolideresistant GBS was observed.…”

Evaluation of the Potency, Neutralizing Antibody Response, and Stability of a Recombinant Fusion Protein Vaccine for Streptococcus pyogenes

“…In general, GAS infection is treated with a course of antibiotics; however, antibiotic treatment does not guarantee prevention of complications associated with infection. Additionally, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains stresses the need for a safe and effective vaccine for the prevention of GAS disease (2)(3)(4)(5). The World Health Organization included GAS vaccine development as one of the priorities in the 2014 Global Vaccine Action Plan (6).…”

Vaccine based on a ubiquitous cysteinyl protease and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A protects against Streptococcus pyogenes sepsis and toxic shock

“…Streptococcus pyogenes is a perennial human pathogen, causing mild infections and life-threatening diseases including pharyngitis, impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis, streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and rheumatic heart disease. Antibiotic-resistant strains are increasing in global distribution [ 1 , 2 ], and a marked worldwide increase in the prevalence of serious invasive disease caused by S. pyogenes has occurred in the last two decades [ 3 , 4 ], perhaps due to the emergence and distribution of more virulent strains. Although the incident is low, the recorded overall mortality rate is 45% among streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome cases [ 5 ].…”