Development of innovative non-destructive analytical strategies for Mars Sample Return tested on Dar al Gani 735 Martian Meteorite

García‐Florentino, Cristina; Torre‐Fdez, I.; Ruíz-Galende, Patricia; Aramendia, Julene; Castro, Kepa; Arana, Gorka; Maguregui, Maite; Vallejuelo, S. Fdz Ortiz de; Madariaga, Juan Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121863

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Anatase transforms irreversibly to the other titanium dioxide polymorph, rutile, at elevated temperatures higher than 800 °C. , Therefore, the transformation of the titanium-bearing compound into anatase happened after the high-temperature events of the travel to the ground. Taking this into account, it is highly probable that the presence of anatase in the NWA 11273 meteorite may be due to an alteration related to the oxidation of the Fe(II) in ilmenite to form irreversibly hematite and anatase . In this work, we propose the following reaction, in which the iron of ilmenite is oxidized into hematite due to the oxidizing Earth atmosphere. …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Taking this into account, it is highly probable that the presence of anatase in the NWA 11273 meteorite may be due to an alteration related to the oxidation of the Fe(II) in ilmenite to form irreversibly hematite and anatase. 72 In this work, we propose the following reaction, in which the iron of ilmenite is oxidized into hematite due to the oxidizing Earth atmosphere. …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical Characterization of the NWA 11273 Lunar Meteorite Using Nondestructive Analytical Techniques: Original, Shocked, and Alteration Mineral Phases

Huidobro

Aramendia

Arana

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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A lunar feldspathic breccia meteorite, the Northwest Africa (NWA) 11273, was analyzed to compensate the lack of scientific data available about its mineralogy and geochemistry. In order to obtain a deeper characterization of the sample, a strategy based on the combination of nondestructive spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy is used. Both techniques are being used in spatial missions by the Perseverance Rover, so their combination in the laboratory is here proposed as an optimal strategy to study the complete mineralogy of the sample. In addition to finding the minerals indicated by the Meteoritical Society (anorthite, olivine, pyroxene, kamacite, and troilite), other minor minerals were identified, such as zircon and ilmenite, which are minerals related to the Moon geology, as well as calcite and sulfate which can be considered products of terrestrial weathering. Finally, secondary minerals related to alteration processes were also found, such as hematite, quartz, and anatase. In this work, the alteration processes that gave rise to the detected secondary minerals have been proposed.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characterization of the NWA 11273 Lunar Meteorite Using Nondestructive Analytical Techniques: Original, Shocked, and Alteration Mineral Phases

Huidobro

Aramendia

Arana

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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“…A similar ilmenite spectrum was reported by García‐Florentino et al in Dar al gani 735 meteorite. [ 39 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar ilmenite spectrum was reported by García-Florentino et al in Dar al gani 735 meteorite. [39] In Figure 6b, the Raman spectrum of anatase is shown, with its characteristic main Raman band at 143 cm À1 . Anatase is the low temperature phase of titanium oxide (IV) (TiO 2 ), whereas rutile is the high temperature one.…”

Section: Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original and alteration mineral phases in the NWA 10628 Martian shergottite determined by micro‐Raman spectroscopy assisted with micro‐energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence imaging

Prieto‐delaVega

García‐Florentino

Torre‐Fdez

et al. 2022

J Raman Spectroscopy

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NorthWest Africa 10628 (NWA 10628) is a shergottite found in Tindouf (Algeria) in 2014. Little is known on this meteorite apart from the Meteoritical Bulletin report. In this work, original and altered mineral phases of NWA 10628 were characterised by micro‐Raman spectroscopy assisted with micro‐energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence imaging. The matrix of the meteorite is dominated by high‐Ca pyroxenes, augite ((Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6) and diopside (CaMgSi2O6). Olivine and feldspars appeared as small crystals all along the matrix. Merrillite (Ca9NaMg(PO4)7) was found as big crystals in inclusions. As whitlockite (Ca9NaMg(PO4)6(HPO4)) can be transformed into merrillite at high temperature and pressure, we suggest that merrillite in the meteorite was originally whitlockite, before its ejection from Mars. Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) was found as small crystals and in fractures; this last one could come from terrestrial weathering because it was associated with calcite (CaCO3). Small anhydrite (CaSO4) crystals are shown in the bulk together with gypsum, probably from the partial dehydration of original Martian gypsum by the high‐pressure/temperature of ejection. Pyrite and marcasite (FeS2 polymorphs) minerals were detected, as well as their oxidation products, goethite (α‐FeO (OH)) and rozenite (FeSO4·4H2O), due to their terrestrial weathering. The identification of hematite (Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), ilmenite (FeTiO3) and anatase (TiO2) suggested that ulvospinel (Fe2TiO4) was the precursor on Mars, because ulvospinel is transformed into ilmenite by pressure and later ilmenite can be altered to magnetite/hematite and anatase by oxidative weathering on Earth. This non‐destructive analytical methodology provides deep mineralogical characterisation adequate for scarce samples like those returning from the Mars Sample Return mission.

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“…Specifically, Curiosity rover has detected ∼2.8 wt% magnetite, ∼1.6 wt% hematite, and ∼1.4 wt% anhydrite minor phases in the eolian sediment from the Namibdune, Gale crater (Achilles et al., 2017). Also, carbonate and clay minerals (e.g., calcite and kaolin) are commonly observed on Mars by remote data (Cuadros & Michalski, 2013; Roush, 2021; Ye & Michalski, 2021) and within Martian meteorites (García‐Florentino et al., 2021; Kirschvink et al., 1997; Nakada et al., 2021). These components were therefore chosen as additional materials for the development of Martian dust simulant (see Table 3).…”

Section: Preparation Of Jmds‐1 Dust Simulantmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Martian Dust Simulant JMDS‐1 and Applications to Laboratory Thermal Conductivity Measurements

Zeng

et al. 2022

Earth and Space Science

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Martian dust simulant (i.e., a terrestrial substitute for Martian dust) is the basis for experimentally investigating the properties of Martian dust and its effects on Mars exploration activities. In this study, we reported a new Martian dust simulant (Jining Martian Dust Simulant, called JMDS‐1), which was prepared based on terrestrial Jining basalt (90 wt%) and other mineral phases (i.e., 2 wt% magnetite, 2 wt% hematite, 2 wt% anhydrite, 2 wt% calcite, and 2 wt% kaolin). Measurements of JMDS‐1 dust simulant show that JMDS‐1 has a bulk composition, mineralogy, reflectance spectra, and particle characteristics similar to the Martian dust detected by Mars rovers. In addition, we measured the thermal conductivity of dust simulant, soil simulant, and dust‐soil simulant mixtures under simulated Martian conditions (i.e., −30°C; 500–1,000 Pa). The results reveal that the micro‐sized dust simulant has a thermal conductivity of ∼0.015 W/mK, which is two times lower than the thermal conductivity of sub‐millimeter sized soil simulant (i.e., ∼0.035 W/mK). This implies that the dust layer on Mars seems to play a significant role to change the thermal properties of surface materials.

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Development of innovative non-destructive analytical strategies for Mars Sample Return tested on Dar al Gani 735 Martian Meteorite

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Geochemical Characterization of the NWA 11273 Lunar Meteorite Using Nondestructive Analytical Techniques: Original, Shocked, and Alteration Mineral Phases

Geochemical Characterization of the NWA 11273 Lunar Meteorite Using Nondestructive Analytical Techniques: Original, Shocked, and Alteration Mineral Phases

Original and alteration mineral phases in the NWA 10628 Martian shergottite determined by micro‐Raman spectroscopy assisted with micro‐energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence imaging

New Martian Dust Simulant JMDS‐1 and Applications to Laboratory Thermal Conductivity Measurements

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