Development Of Imagery And Self-Talk Exercises To Improve The Shooting Game Ability Of Nusantara Petanque Club Athletes

Abstract

This study aimed to develop imagery exercises to improve the shooting game skills of Nusantara Petanque Club athletes. This research and development use the Research and Development method with the modified ADDIE model. (1) needs analysis, (2) product design, and (3) expert validation tests carried out by three validators, namely psychologists, petanque coaching experts, and petanque trainer experts. A needs analysis was conducted through direct interviews with Nusantara Petanque Club trainers. From the needs analysis results, three mental exercise products are packaged in an audio podcast, including imagery relaxation, self-talk, and anxiety. After the product has been made, an expert validation test is carried out by three validators, namely (1) a psychologist, (2) a petanque coaching expert (3) a petanque trainer expert. The validation results for relaxation imagery podcast audio get 85.71%, self-talk audio podcast at 85.71%, and anxiety podcast audio get 85.71%. Then, we tested the product in groups of 5 athletes who were randomly selected based on ability. In the group test, the results for relaxation, self-talk, and anxiety podcasts were 92.13%. Based on the small group test, the audio podcast product is declared feasible and can be used.

The accuracy of shooting petanque iron balls: Effectiveness of resistance band training

“…The phases of holding the iron balls, foot position, and throwing the iron balls need special attention to steal points (Bustomi et al, 2020). Based on investigations of various literature discussing petanque, throwing accuracy results were influenced by several factors such as arm muscle ability and arm length (Pelana et al, 2021), mental training (Putra et al, 2023;Perdana et al, 2022), movement analysis (Bustomi et al, 2020), and a structured exercise programme through stations with differences in throwing distances that were carried out repeatedly (Phytanza et al, 2022). The research findings could increase the variety of applications of appropriate forms of exercise for petanque athletes.…”

“…Petanque is a type of small ball sport that is precise, accurate, and strategic (Makorohim et al, 2022;Putra et al, 2023;Rhamadhan et al, 2023). It is supported by the fact that the character of petanque sports tends to require precision, no matter what age, position, or gender can play the sport (Perdana et al, 2022). However, based on its primary mechanical purpose, the game of petanque is a sport whose goal is to achieve maximum accuracy.…”

“…This research was motivated by petanque athletes' shooting abilities, whose achievements were inconsistent during matches or competitions (Irham et al, 2022;Perdana et al, 2022). There were still many petanque athletes who only employed personal perception when throwing iron balls, without the support of muscle abilities or correct throwing techniques.…”

Analysing the Mental Imagery Training to Improve the Ability of Petanque Sport Shooting Game: Literature Review

“…Imagery training in petanque, particularly visualization training, has shown significant potential in improving athlete performance (Mulya, 2020). Research shows that imagery training, which includes relaxation, self-talk, and anxiety management, is effective in improving shooting skills (Wahyu Perdana et al, 2022). The imagery training model, which incorporates elements of Physical, Environment, Task, Time, Learning, Emotion, and Perspective, has been effective in improving motor skills and performance in a variety of sports, including petanque (Lubis & Permadi, 2020).…”

“…Numerous studies in the past have improved the accuracy of petanque games and improved the shooting ability of the game through imagery training. One such study looked at the impact of imagery training on petanque game accuracy (Iskandar et al, 2023), Mental imagery and shot accuracy (Rony et al, 2021), Development of Imagery and Self-Talk Exercises to Improve Shooting Game Ability (Wahyu Perdana et al, 2022) Analyzing imaging exercises to enhance petanque sport shooting ability is primarily done because these exercises have the potential to enhance athlete performance, lower anxiety, boost confidence, and increase concentration. An athlete needs these four items, particularly while performing precision shooting drills that call for a high degree of focus and self-assurance during aim and shooting.…”