Development of Lactobacillus kimchicus DCY51 ^T -mediated gold nanoparticles for delivery of ginsenoside compound K: in vitro photothermal effects and apoptosis detection in cancer cells

Abstract

Yang (2019) Development of Lactobacillus kimchicus DCY51 T -mediated gold nanoparticles for delivery of ginsenoside compound K: invitro photothermal effects and apoptosis detection in cancer cells,

Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities

“…In another study, CK was loaded onto gold(G)NPs synthesized using probiotic bacteria ( Lactobacillus kimchicus DCY51 T ) and evaluated for the effectiveness of drug loading [ 40 ]. Furthermore, the use of deoxycholic acid (DA)- O -carboxymethyl chitosan (OCMC) has been advocated to increase solubility and ability for CK.…”

“… K/γ-CyD and K/β-CyD K/γ-CyD at different ratios 1:1 and 1:3 and K/β-CyD at 1:1 Improved solubility at lower concentrations (<0.03 M) compared to higher (<0.06 M) ↑bioavailability ↑dissolution rate compared to CK and K/β-CyD Higher dissolution rate in 1:1 ratio compared to 1:3 [ 21 ] GCKT-liposomes Phospholipid and TPGS (7:3 ratio) ↑High CK loading capacity and solubility GCK EE% was of above 98.4 ± 2.3% Sustained discharge of GCK from GCKT-liposomes compared to GCK solution (in PBS) [ 33 ] CK-M PEG-PCL/TPGS mixed micelles at different ratios of 3:0. 3:1, 3:2, 3:3 ↑drug EE% in CK-M (94.6 ± 1.4) than CK-P (62.5 ± 1.6; PEG-PCL micelles) ↑CK concentration (107.3-times) in micelles (CK-M) than free CK ↑solubility of CK with higher TPGS [ 36 ] CK-AP/TPGS micelles AP/TPGS mixed micelles ↑solubility from 35.2 ± 4.3 to 1,463.2 ± 153.3 µg/mL of CK EE% = 91.3 ± 5.2% Inhibited P-gp mediated efflux [ 37 ] CK PC/DP micellar system CK, DP, and PC at ratios of 5:12:18 ↑water solubility (~66-fold) and long drug retention time [ 38 ] BSA-CK NPs BSA ↑water solubility [ 39 ] DCY51T-AuCKNps AuNPs synthesized using Lactobacillus kimchicus Drug loading efficiency-11.03% [ 40 ] …”

“…LPS- induced RAW264.7 cells CK and BSA-CK (20, 15, 10, 5, and 1 μM), 24 h Improved anti-cancer ability of BSA-CK NPs compared to CK Higher ↓ in NO production by BSA-CK NPs [ 39 ] DCY51T AuCKNps In vitro A549, HT29, AGS and RAW264.7 cells DCY51T AuCKNps 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 μM Phototherapy- NPs+ AGS + 1 or 5 mg/mL, 24 h + laser at 800 nm, 10 min. ↑cytotoxicity for A549 and HT29 compared to CK ↑apoptosis after laser treatment in AGS [ 40 ] CK + chitosan NPs In vitro HepG2 cells CK and CK-NPs (3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 30 μg/mL), 24 h At 30 μg/mL, the apoptotic cell percentage, CK (39.02 ± 0.42%) and CK-NPs (47.57 ± 1.65%) [ 41 ] GK-OCMC NPs In vitro PC3 cells CK and GK-OCMC NPs (30 μg/mL) ↑ apoptosis by GK-OCMC treatment ↑ levels of caspase-3 (29.93%) and caspase-9 (20.78%) compared to GK treatment. [ 42 ] APD-CK micelles In vitro HepG2 and Huh-7 cells CK (30, 20, 10, 5, and 2.5 μg/mL), 24 h and 48 h Time-dependent and dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of APD-CK ↑expressions of PARP, caspase-3, and -9 in HepG2 cells by APD-CK micelles [ 43 ] Parthenolide/ CK tLyp-1 liposomes In vivo Nude mice 5 mg/kg, 24 h Strong tumor inhibit...…”

“…However, for in vivo application, authors advocated the use of human serum albumin as an alternative to BSA to evade plausible immunologic concerns in humans [ 39 ]. In addition, CK-loaded GNPs have been identified as effectual photothermal and chemotherapeutic agents [ 40 ]. On a similar line, a higher dose-dependent inhibitory effect of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with CK (CK-NPs) was observed compared to CK.…”

Intracellular synthesis of gold nanoparticles by Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens for delivery of peptide CopA3 and ginsenoside and anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages

“…In our previous report, we used Lactobacillus kimchicus DCY51 T to synthesise GNPs for the delivery of ginsenoside CK. The CK-loaded GNP was confirmed as an effective photothermal therapy agent with synergistic chemotherapeutic effects for the treatment of cancer [38]. Additionally, to improve the stability and function of the CK-loaded GNPs, we conjugated with the peptide CopA3.…”