Development of graphitic domains in carbon foams for high efficient electro/photo-to-thermal energy conversion phase change composites

Maleki, Mahdi; Karimian, Hossein; Shokouhimehr, Mohammadreza; Ahmadi, Rouhollah; Valanezhad, Alireza; Beitollahi, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.01.032

Cited by 121 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The intensity ratio of the (102) and (032) crystallographic planes changed in the composite compared to pure PEG. These changes indicated the preferred orientation of the crystallographic planes during PCM solidification in the porous structure of CF . The effect of pore confinement on the crystal behaviour of PCMs has also been observed in other organic PCMs .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Thermally Conductive and Shape‐Stabilized Polyethylene Glycol/Carbon Foam Phase‐Change Composites for Thermal Energy Storage

et al. 2020

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Phase‐change materials (PCMs) have been widely investigated as candidates for thermal energy storage and solar thermal energy conversion. However, low thermal conductivity and poor shape stability during phase transition processes are detrimental to their practical applications. In this study, we designed composite PCMs based on carbon foam (CF) via the vacuum impregnation method to overcome these problems. CF with 3D interconnected microporous structures and good compressive strength was fabricated from phenolic resin (PF) using a combined process of carbonization and sacrificial template techniques. The developer material is considered a promising support material for PCMs. The as‐prepared polyethylene glycol/CF composite (PCC) exhibited a high energy‐storage density with a melting enthalpy of 135.7 J/g, and the thermal conductivity was enhanced by 109.8% compared to that of pure polyethylene glycol. In addition, the PCC showed excellent thermal stability and leakage‐proof performance after 100 heating/cooling cycles and good compressive strength. Because of the simple preparation process and low cost, PCC is a promising material for various thermal energy storage applications, especially in building energy storage systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Thermally Conductive and Shape‐Stabilized Polyethylene Glycol/Carbon Foam Phase‐Change Composites for Thermal Energy Storage

et al. 2020

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“…The heat storage performance of SSPCMs was studied by DSC method. Figure shows the DSC curves for PEG and HTC/PEG SSPCMs during melting and crystallization. Parameters for the phase transition point and enthalpy including the melting and crystallization processes is obtained.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Carbon‐Doped Polyethylene Glycol as Phase‐Change Materials with Good Thermal Conductivity and Shape‐Stability

Huí

et al. 2020

ChemistrySelect

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Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is limited by the low thermal‐conductivity and poor shape‐stability in practical applications. In our work, the thermal conductivity and shape‐stable phase change Materials (SSPCMs) doped with hydrothermal carbon (HTC) was successfully prepared. HTC with ‐ OH and ‐ COOH groups on the surface was prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of glucose. The hydrogen bonds were formed between functional groups on HTC surface and PEG to obtain the network structure. When the HTC doping ratio is 6 wt%, good shape‐stability can be achieved. Besides, the thermal conductivity of the HTC/PEG SSPCMs with the HTC doping ratio of 9 wt% is 0.6121 W/(m⋅K), which is 134.7% higher than PEG. The DSC results show that the melting enthalpy (ΔHm) of PEG and HTC/PEG SSPCMs is almost the same, as is the crystallization enthalpy (ΔHc). It indicates that doping HTC does not substantially affect the heat storage capacity of PEG.

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“…Surprisingly, the macroporous morphologies of the carbon monoliths are often strikingly similar to those of the original polyHIPEs, in spite of the extensive reductions in mass and volume. The polyHIPEs used for generating carbons have been based on styrenics, 59,66–70 acrylonitrile, 71–73 tannin, 74 phenolics, 75,76 furfuryl alcohol, 77 Kraft black liquor, 78 polycarbosilane 79 and urea‐based precursors 80 . Porous carbons combining macroporosity with microporosity and mesoporosity ( S BET as high as 900 m 2 g −1 ) were generated by combining several types of templating, often including the use of hybrid or silica frameworks 81–85 ; oxygen and nitrogen functionalities in polyHIPE‐derived carbons have been obtained using oxygen‐ or nitrogen‐containing monomers 5,57,86 ; and chemical activation has been used to generate microporosity ( S BET as high as 2000 m 2 g −1 ) in carbonized polyHIPEs 63,87 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐pot emulsion templating for simultaneous hydrothermal carbonization and hydrogel synthesis: porous structures, nitrogen contents and activation

Horowitz

Shaul

Silverstein

2021

Polymer International

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Porous carbons are of interest for a wide range of advanced‐technology ‘green’ energy applications including fuel cells, hydrogen storage, supercapacitors and batteries. Functional groups, heteroatoms and a more accessible hierarchical porous structure would be advantageous for many of these applications. This paper describes the generation of carbonaceous monoliths with hierarchically porous structures and nitrogen functionalities by using a one‐pot, simultaneous combination of hydrogel synthesis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) that involves templating within high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). A carbon monolith with a density of 0.058 g cm−3, a highly interconnected, bimodal porous structure and an apparent specific surface area (SBET) of 101 m2 g−1 was produced by carbonizing a HTC monolith based on 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) at 450 °C. SBET of 1540 m2 g−1 was produced through subsequent chemical activation with ZnCl2 at 700 °C, but the overall residual mass (Rm) was only 9 wt%. Direct chemical activation of the HTC monolith, on the other hand, generated SBET of 1250 m2 g−1 and an overall Rm of 28 wt%, corresponding to a higher apparent surface area per mass of HTC monolith. Carbon monoliths with N/C ratios of 0.09 and 0.07 were achieved using nitrogen‐rich monomers (acrylamide and vinylimidazole, respectively) as compared to the HEMA‐based carbon monolith with an N/C ratio of 0.03. This work demonstrates that the hierarchically porous structures and the chemical structures of these highly porous monoliths can be fine‐tuned by modifying the HIPE composition and/or the processing conditions. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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Development of graphitic domains in carbon foams for high efficient electro/photo-to-thermal energy conversion phase change composites

Cited by 121 publications

References 79 publications

Thermally Conductive and Shape‐Stabilized Polyethylene Glycol/Carbon Foam Phase‐Change Composites for Thermal Energy Storage

Thermally Conductive and Shape‐Stabilized Polyethylene Glycol/Carbon Foam Phase‐Change Composites for Thermal Energy Storage

Hydrothermal Carbon‐Doped Polyethylene Glycol as Phase‐Change Materials with Good Thermal Conductivity and Shape‐Stability

One‐pot emulsion templating for simultaneous hydrothermal carbonization and hydrogel synthesis: porous structures, nitrogen contents and activation

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