Development of GIS Based Distributed Runoff Model for Basin Wide Environmental Assessment

Park, Jin-Hyeog; Kojiri, Toshiharu; Tomosugi, Kunio

doi:10.3178/jjshwr.16.541

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Snow accumulation, sublimation, melting, and heat exchange are simulated at snow‐atmosphere and snow‐soil interfaces in the Noah‐LSM scheme [ Koren et al ., ]. The diagnosis of snow for snow accumulation in the Noah‐LSM was modified to consider both the humidity and the air temperature based on the following wet bulb equation [ Kondo , ; Park et al ., ]:

\begin{matrix} left \\ Tc = 11.01 - 1.5 e \\ T > Tc : rain \\ T \leq Tc : snow \end{matrix}

where T and e are air temperature and water vapor pressure at the surface, respectively. This modification of the snow/rain diagnosis is sensitive to the specific condition of when the air temperature is over 0°C.…”

Section: Observational Data and Model Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altitude dependency of future snow cover changes over Central Japan evaluated by a regional climate model

et al. 2013

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[1] The Sea of Japan side of Central Japan is one of the heaviest snowfall areas in the world. We investigate near-future snow cover changes on the Sea of Japan side using a regional climate model. We perform the pseudo global warming (PGW) downscaling based on the five global climate models (GCMs). The changes in snow cover strongly depend on the elevation; decrease in the ratios of snow cover is larger in the lower elevations. The decrease ratios of the maximum accumulated snowfall in the short term, such as 1 day, are smaller than those in the long term, such as 1 week. We conduct the PGW experiments focusing on specific periods when a 2 K warming at 850 hPa is projected by the individual GCMs (PGW-2K85). The PGW-2K85 experiments show different changes in precipitation, resulting in snow cover changes in spite of similar warming conditions. Simplified sensitivity experiments that assume homogenous warming of the atmosphere (2 K) and the sea surface show that the altitude dependency of snow cover changes is similar to that in the PGW-2K85 experiments, while the uncertainty of changes in the sea surface temperature influences the snow cover changes both in the lower and higher elevations. The decrease in snowfall is, however, underestimated in the simplified sensitivity experiments as compared with the PGW experiments. Most GCMs project an increase in dry static stability and some GCMs project an anticyclonic anomaly over Central Japan, indicating the inhibition of precipitation, including snowfall, in the PGW experiments.Citation: Kawase, H., M. Hara, T. Yoshikane, N. N. Ishizaki, F. Uno, H. Hatsushika, and F. Kimura (2013), Altitude dependency of future snow cover changes over Central Japan evaluated by a regional climate model,

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\begin{matrix} left \\ Tc = 11.01 - 1.5 e \\ T > Tc : rain \\ T \leq Tc : snow \end{matrix}

Section: Observational Data and Model Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altitude dependency of future snow cover changes over Central Japan evaluated by a regional climate model

et al. 2013

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“…In this optimization example, six scenarios for a wet season (150 days) are assumed considering uncertain input parameters and the six water management stages [i.e., (1) nursing; (2) puddling and transplanting; (3) mid-summer drainage; (5) second growth; and (6) ponding water release] at a paddy field, supposed by Park et al (2003). The areas of the blocks are assumed as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, I ks is related to the required water level which is given by Park et al (2003) for each growing stage of rice. Thus, the values of I ks and I ks are determined as shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic multiobjective optimization model for allocating irrigation water to paddy fields

Zhang

Maeda

Kawachi

2007

Paddy Water Environ

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A stochastic multiobjective optimization model is presented to allocate irrigation waters to blocks of paddy fields in an agricultural district. Environmental uncertainty and temporal variation of water requirement at the fields are represented in the model formulation by employing a scenario-based description. To improve the efficiency of water use, two conflicting objectives, i.e., minimization of water withdrawal from a river and maximization of rice production, are expressed in linear objective functions. Water balances in a river, a field block and a channel network interconnecting with some blocks of paddy fields are considered as constraints. Adjusting a weight in a synthesized objective function results in producing a set of noninferior solutions, which could be useful in discussing water management alternatives in decision-making. The application of the presented model to a hypothetical irrigation district demonstrates that optimal water intake and allocations of irrigation waters could be produced.

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“…Also, advances in computer technology in terms of both hardware and software have made it possible to efficiently handle large amounts of data, increasing the feasibility of simulating runoff generation in large watersheds. The proposed distributed runoff model based on GIS in this paper is named Hydro-BEAM (Hydrological river Basin Environment Assessment with Multi-mesh and multi-layer) model (Park et al, 2003). The model can consider temporal and spatial variations for long-term simulation including short-term discharge in water quantity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the comparative method using AHP and GIS based distributed runoff model

Park

2010

KSCE J Civ Eng

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Research in the field of river hydrology has been mainly concerned with the investigation of the rainfall-runoff phenomenon through the analysis of hydrological factors such as meteorology and geography, with the focus being on each river basin. Recently, various forms of digital information such as GIS (Geographic Information System) and RS (Remote Sensing) data have been made available in worldwide digital map format. Therefore, there has been a shift in focus from lumped-parameter models to distributed runoff models, as the latter can consider temporal and spatial variations in water quantity. Distributed runoff models have made possible the comparison of runoff field and rainfall-runoff characteristics considering spatial distribution. Hydrological conditions are differently distributed regionally or nationally, and each river basin has unique characteristics. The main purpose of this study is to compare hydrological characteristics in several river basins and methodologies by using a GIS based distributed runoff model and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) for the analysis of river basins based on their regional hydrological characteristics and considering their temporally and spatially-distributed physical properties is proposed. Based on the methods, the main purpose of this study, as proposed is to clearly identify the characteristics and similarities for each river basin so that we can understand the differences and similarities of river basin characteristics quantitatively and to provide objective criteria for the characteristics of each river basin as a basic study on comparative hydrology. An application of the comparative hydrology approach is presented for the comparison of three river basins located in the Asian-Pacific region.

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Development of GIS Based Distributed Runoff Model for Basin Wide Environmental Assessment

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

Altitude dependency of future snow cover changes over Central Japan evaluated by a regional climate model

Altitude dependency of future snow cover changes over Central Japan evaluated by a regional climate model

Stochastic multiobjective optimization model for allocating irrigation water to paddy fields

A study on the comparative method using AHP and GIS based distributed runoff model

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