In this study, water supply for Geum River Basin was calculated by regulating the future water supply of Dam with the future expected discharges. HadGEM2-AO, which is the climate change prediction model that KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration) recently introduced was used for this study. The data of weather stations within the Geum River basin was extracted with the new Greenhouse Gas RCP scenario. The runoff of Geum river basin was simulated using the ArcSWAT for the 1988๏ฝ2010 period. After validating the model, the similarity of results between simulation and observation at the Yongdam Dam and Daecheong Dam was 92.25% and 95.40%, respectively, which shows a good agreement with observed data. As the result of analysis for the discharges, the discharges would increase 47.76% under the RCP4.5 scenario and 36.52% under the RCP8.5 scenario. Water balance analysis was conducted by the KModSim for predicting the water supply under the runoff variation. We analyzed the volume of water intake with national standard of water supply 95%
Research in the field of river hydrology has been mainly concerned with the investigation of the rainfall-runoff phenomenon through the analysis of hydrological factors such as meteorology and geography, with the focus being on each river basin. Recently, various forms of digital information such as GIS (Geographic Information System) and RS (Remote Sensing) data have been made available in worldwide digital map format. Therefore, there has been a shift in focus from lumped-parameter models to distributed runoff models, as the latter can consider temporal and spatial variations in water quantity. Distributed runoff models have made possible the comparison of runoff field and rainfall-runoff characteristics considering spatial distribution. Hydrological conditions are differently distributed regionally or nationally, and each river basin has unique characteristics. The main purpose of this study is to compare hydrological characteristics in several river basins and methodologies by using a GIS based distributed runoff model and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) for the analysis of river basins based on their regional hydrological characteristics and considering their temporally and spatially-distributed physical properties is proposed. Based on the methods, the main purpose of this study, as proposed is to clearly identify the characteristics and similarities for each river basin so that we can understand the differences and similarities of river basin characteristics quantitatively and to provide objective criteria for the characteristics of each river basin as a basic study on comparative hydrology. An application of the comparative hydrology approach is presented for the comparison of three river basins located in the Asian-Pacific region.
In this study, the standard flow index (SFI) and reservoir storage proposed for stable water supply were used to develop the termination criteria at each drought response stage. The SFI of the drought stage was divided into 11 classes, from wet to drought, and scenarios were selected using the SFI, storage capacity, and maintenance period. These were applied to the Hapcheon Dam in the Nakdong River to analyze the time period reliability, supply reliability, resiliency, and vulnerability according to the scenarios. The analysis indicated that in the SFI, storage, and SFI-storage mix scenarios, the term and supply reliability were not significantly different, but the resiliency aid and vulnerability were improved according to the maintenance days. Additionally, for past typical drought periods (1994, 2009-2010), the additional supply volume and additional supply days were analyzed for each number of maintenance days (5, 10, 15, 30 days). It was found that the additional supply volume could be obtained up to 7.67 million m 3 to 0.95 million m 3 , resulting in an increase in the number of additional days of supply from 5.4 days to 0.7 days for the additional life or service. In particular, these were shown to differ vastly by up to 1.82 million m 3 and 1.3 days, in the scenarios of 15 and 30 days. It was evaluated that the difference between the 15-day and 30-day scenarios is 10,284.2 m 3 in cumulative additional supply after completion until 2015. Based on these results, the SFI wet class (0.5 or higher) and the number of maintenance days (15 days) of retaining the upper drought stage with a low water capacity were presented as criteria for releasing optimal drought phases of the multipurpose dam. It is deemed that the use of the termination criteria at each drought response stage for the operation of multipurpose dams in the future can contribute to reducing the damage caused by the restriction on water supply.
In this study, physics based K-DRUM(K-water Distributed RUnoff Model) using GIS spatial hydrologic data as input data was developed to account for the temperature variation according to the altitude change considering snow melt and cover. The model was applied for Pakistan Kunhar River Basin(2,500km 2) to calculate long-term discharge considering snow melt and cover. Time series analysis of the temperature and rainfall data reveals that temperature and rainfall of the river basin differs significantly according to altitude change compared to domestic basin. Thus, applying temperature and altitude lapse rate during generate input data generation. As a result, calculated discharge shows good agreement with observed ones considering snow melt and accumulation characteristic which has the difference of 4,000 meter elevation above sea level. In addition, the simulated discharge strongly showed snow melting effect associated with temperature rise during the summer season.
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