Development of gateless quantum Hall checkerboard p–n junction devices

Abstract

Measurements of fractional multiples of the ν = 2 plateau quantized Hall resistance ( R H ≈ 12 906 Ω) were enabled by the utilization of multiple current terminals on millimetre-scale graphene p–n junction (pnJ) devices fabricated with interfaces along both lateral directions. These quantum Hall resistance checkerboard devices have been demonstrated to match quantized resistance outputs numerically calculated with the LTspice circuit simulator. From the devices’ functionality, more complex embodiments of the quantum Hall resistance checkerboard were simulated to highlight the parameter space within which these devices could operate. Moreover, these measurements suggest that the scalability of pnJ fabrication on millimetre or centimetre scales is feasible with regards to graphene device manufacturing by using the far more efficient process of standard ultraviolet lithography.

Retracted: Novel spiro‐thiazolidin‐4‐one and thioether derivatives of benzylidene flavanones: New leads in cancer and microbial chemotherapy

“…The dose-response curves of the compound 2a treated with different malignant human tumor cell lines showed that the cell line NCI-H226 has shown a significant retardation in percent of the growth in the non-small cell lung cancer (36), although maximum cytotoxic activity was observed in the cell line NCI-H522 (54). It is also evident from the data that in case of colon cancer, HT29 cell line has shown the maximum response (54) whereas the cell line KM12 has also shown a significant inhibitory effect in percent of growth (43). In the case of CNS cancer, the cell lines SNB-75 and U251 were found to be the most sensitive to their retardation in percent of growth being (54) and ( krusei-ATCC ® 14243) strains by broth microdilution method.…”

“…anticancer, [27][28][29][30][31][32] anti-anxiety, [33] antipsychotic and anti-convulsant, [34][35][36] antiamoebic, [37] antioxidant, [38,39] antimicrobial activity, [40][41][42][43][44] and antiinflammatory. [45][46][47] In recent past, the syntheses of spiro-compounds have gained importance because of their biological significance such as anti-HIV [48] and bactericidal.…”

Synthesis of some 5‐arylidene‐2‐(4‐acetamidophenylimino)‐thiazolidin‐4‐one derivatives and exploring their breast anticancer activity

“…[1][2][3][4] Especially, thiazolidin-4-one-containing compounds have gained significant attention since they were promising scaffolds in the area of medicinal chemistry. [5,6] The literature survey of thiazolidin-4-ones demonstrated a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, [7,8] antiinflammatory, [9,10] antioxidant, [11,12] antitubercular, [13,14] antidiabetic, [15] human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) inhibitors, [16] antihypertensive, [17] anticonvulsant, [18] antihepatitis, [19] antiproliferative, [20] and anticancer activities. [21][22][23][24] Published data showed that anticancer activity of thiazolidin-4-ones may be correlated with their sensitivity to various targets including non-membrane protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2), JNK-stimulating phosphatase-1 (JSP-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), antiapoptotic biocomplex Bcl-XL-BH3, and inregrin.…”

Quinolone derivatives and their antifungal activities: An overview

“…the treatment of infections caused by various bacteria, [24,[30][31][32] Aspergillus clavatus/A. clavatus) were evaluated by Patel et al [33,34] All hybrids showed weak-to-moderate antifungal activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in a range of 6.25-100 μg/ml against the tested four fungi, but they were less active than the reference ketoconazole (MIC: ≤3 μg/ml). Among the tested compounds, compound 1b displayed the highest inhibition against A. niger (MIC: 6.25 μg/ml), A. clavatus (MIC: 12.5 μg/ml), and C. albicans (MIC: 12.5 μg/ml).…”