Development of fluorapatite cement for dental enamel defects repair

Abstract

In order to restore the badly carious lesion of human dental enamel, a crystalline paste of fluoride substituted apatite cement was synthesized by using the mixture of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) and ammonium fluoride. The apatite cement paste could be directly filled into the enamel defects (cavities) to repair damaged dental enamel. The results indicated that the hardened cement was fluorapatite [Ca(10)(PO(4))(6)F(2), FA] with calcium to phosphorus atom molar ratio (Ca/P) of 1.67 and Ca/F ratio of 5. The solubility of FA cement in Tris-HCl solution (pH = 5) was slightly lower than the natural enamel, indicating the FA cement was much insensitive to the weakly acidic solutions. The FA cement was tightly combined with the enamel surface, and there was no obvious difference of the hardness between the FA cement and natural enamel. The extracts of FA cement caused no cytotoxicity on L929 cells, which satisfied the relevant criterion on dental biomaterials, revealing good cytocompatibility. In addition, the results showed that the FA cement had good mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, and anti-bacterial adhesion properties. The study suggested that using FA cement was simple and promising approach to effectively and conveniently restore enamel defects.

Agarose Hydrogel Biomimetic Mineralization Model for the Regeneration of Enamel Prismlike Tissue

“…09-0432), 10 suggesting that the crystals were fluoridated HA. 15 The sharp and intense 002 peak indicated that the crystals were wellcrystallized and oriented along their c axis; these results are consistent with the observations in the SEM images ( Figure 5). After 6 days of incubation, the XRD pattern showed that the diffraction peaks around 2θ of 32°were split and clear, which implies good crystallinity of fluoridated HA.…”

“…17 There was no −OH group-specific peaks at 1571 cm −1 , indicating that the −OH group might be replaced by an F group to form fluoridated HA. 15 It should be noted that some information might be lost because of the reflection mode of FTIR, which makes it difficult to distinguish between FA and HA. Thus, these data should be analyzed in conjunction with other methods, such as XRD and morphological change of the crystals.…”

“…Furthermore, the fluorapatite crystals in the cement are haphazardly arranged and different from the enamel structure. 15 Many researchers prefer using biomimetic mineralization to regenerate prsimlike enamel tissue. In this study, we demonstrated that enamel prismlike tissue can be regenerated in a hydrogel biomimetic mineralization model.…”

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations

“…Self-setting FA-forming formulations are also known; they can be prepared by the same way but in the presence of soluble F − -ions [37,232,233] 1.3 ] as the end-product [69,234]. As both CDHA and carbonate apatite are formed in an aqueous environment and have a low crystallinity, they appear to be rather similar to the biological apatite of bones and teeth.…”

Synthesis, structural characterisation and antibacterial activity of Ag+-doped fluorapatite nanomaterials prepared by neutralization method

“…In vivo studies are showed that fluorapatite material had osteoconductive properties [19]. In vitro studies have showed that the cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects of fluorapatite and fluorhydroxyapatite materials have no effect or are negligible [20][21][22]. Several studies are showed that FAP materials have antibacterial activities but not the biocidal effect [15][16][17][18].…”