Development of fast and hybrid charger for lithium ion batteries in light weight electric vehicles

Abstract

Summary This paper introduces a battery charging circuit, which utilizes solar and grid power for charging lightweight electric vehicles. The novelty of the proposed approach is the development of hybrid charger with control algorithm that charges the electric vehicle battery using dual input power. This hybrid charging provides electricity to start the electrically powered vehicle and also powers the additional vehicle. The controller can act as fast charger by closed loop operation with battery parameters as input. The speed of the charge level is varied based on the state of charge (SOC) of battery and parameters detected from battery side. Battery state estimation is defined through adopted battery model and their precision affects the accuracy of state estimation. Micro controller acts as a smart charger that controls the parameter of voltage and current level for battery charging. Battery output performance, voltage, and current variation in battery simulator during stage 1 to 2 charging level, current variation during stage 1 to 2 and stage 2 to 3 charging level by simulation and experimental results are also exhibited in the proposed work. Average power usage for conventional charger with proposed one during day and night time was compared. Time taken to reach 100% SOC for conventional charger with proposed system, probability of battery capacity, energy demand of charging station, effects of charging and discharging of battery, and charging capacity and temperature of battery is also further studied. The result analysis part proves that the proposed strategy shown to be superior to its existing methodologies.

Fuzzy Logic Controller Based Charging and Discharging Control for Battery in EV Applications

“…(8) Battery terminal voltage can be calculated for a range of charge/discharge rates once the polynomial coefficients have been determined using FLC. Eq.9 [21] provides the timedependent terminal voltage of a charging battery under a constant current.…”

Improved lithium‐ion battery model for photovoltaic applications based on comparative analysis and experimental tests

“…As a result, a common charging strategy includes a constant voltage step before the current stage to safeguard the battery. 8 Indeed, additional charging strategies, such as multistage constant current constant voltage and pulse charging procedures, 9 can be described by their preset charging profiles with fixed current, voltage, and/or power limits, without taking into consideration the battery's dynamic response. 10 The battery control strategy goes beyond thermal management solutions by keeping the temperature within a safe range, preventing degradation and irreversible damage.…”

“…Several attempts have been made over the last decade to explore optimal charging methodologies for Li‐ion batteries, considering a balance between quick charging and battery life simultaneously. As a result, a common charging strategy includes a constant voltage step before the current stage to safeguard the battery 8 . Indeed, additional charging strategies, such as multistage constant current constant voltage and pulse charging procedures, 9 can be described by their preset charging profiles with fixed current, voltage, and/or power limits, without taking into consideration the battery's dynamic response 10 .…”