Development of degradable magnesium-based metal implants and their function in promoting bone metabolism (A review)

Biodegradable Implants for Internal Fixation of Fractures and Accelerated Bone Regeneration

“…Metallic alloys can be gradually corroded in vivo , but the biodegradability of them depends on the ratio of different ingredients which has been the focus of recent studies about alloys. Mg is biocompatible with rather low cytotoxicity which can release Mg 2+ and hydrogen for therapeutic effects, including enhancing angiogenesis and regulating an inflammatory reaction. , In particular, the in vivo biodegradability of Mg alloys avoids surgical intervention for removing implants. − Unfortunately, the excessive corrosion rate of pure Mg alloys would contribute to hydrogen accumulation and decreased mechanical integrity which restricts their physiological application. , The addition of coating, other alloy elements, and rare-earth elements have been testified as practical solutions for realizing controlled corrosion rate and enhanced mechanical strength of Mg alloys. Hou et al fabricated a MgZnCa alloy, within which 0.7 wt % zinc (Zn) was used for enhanced mechanical strength and 0.6 wt % calcium (Ca) was incorporated for increased castability (Figure a).…”

CORR Insights®: Mg-Zn-Ca Alloy (ZX00) Screws Are Resorbed at a Mean of 2.5 Years After Medial Malleolar Fracture Fixation: Follow-up of a First-in-humans Application and Insights From a Sheep Model

“…Such studies should evaluate implant sizes that serve the purpose of stabilization without affecting skeletal growth (permissible size that can penetrate the growth plate but will not interfere with bone growth). Similarly, use in older adults with lower quality bone may be beneficial as Mg implants can potentially be osteogenic [17].…”

“…The emergence of biodegradable metallic devices presents a promising avenue, as they may degrade without causing inflammation. Because of their osteogenic potential [17], magnesium (Mg) alloys have attracted special interest, but early devices made of these materials degraded quickly, and their degradation was associated with hydrogen gas release, causing cavities in the tissue and necrosis [1].…”

Long Non-Coding RNA Malat1 Increases the Rescuing Effect of Quercetin on TNFα-Impaired Bone Marrow Stem Cell Osteogenesis and Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis

“…Bone homeostasis is dynamically modulated by bone formation and resorption, which are controlled by a variety of osteogenic and osteoclastogenic regulators of the immune, neuronal, and musculoskeletal systems [ 3 ]. With the progression of osteoporosis, some cytokines are released into the bone microenvironment, which may further upregulate bone resorption and inhibit bone synthesis through certain functional signaling pathways.…”