Development of Creep-Resistant Magnesium Alloys for Powertrain Applications: Part 1 of 2

Powell, Bob R.; Luo, Alan A.; Rezhets, Vadim; Bommarito, J J; Tiwari, Basant L.

doi:10.4271/2001-01-0422

Cited by 59 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…2) Research on Ca addition to Mg-Al based alloys has been performed since 1960. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] It has been clear that Ca addition beyond a certain level to AM50 alloy enhances hot cracking tendency, though it improves creep resistance. Recently, a new Mg-Al-Ca alloy containing small additions of Sr and/or Si has been developed at General Motors Corporation.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a new Mg-Al-Ca alloy containing small additions of Sr and/or Si has been developed at General Motors Corporation. 11) In the same year, Mitsubishi Aluminum Co., Ltd. also developed a new Mg-Al-Ca-Sr alloy by making the effect of Sr additions on die castability, creep resistance and others clear. 12) This paper presents the effects of Ca alone and Ca/Sr composite additions on microstructures, die castability, mechanical properties and creep properties of the Mg-Al based alloys.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Ca,Sr Additions on Properties of Mg-Al Based Alloys

Nakaura¹,

Watanabe²,

Ohori³

2006

Mater. Trans.

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Effects of Ca alone and Ca/Sr composite additions on microstructures, die castability, mechanical properties and creep properties of the Mg-Al based alloys are investigated for the purpose of the development of new Mg-Al-Ca-Sr alloy for automotive powertrain applications. Ca addition of more than about 1% to AM50 alloy significantly improves creep resistance but also enhance casting crack tendency. By the addition of approximately 0.2%Sr, such casting cracks are significantly suppressed, and besides creep resistance and mechanical properties increase. The improvement of creep resistance by Sr addition seems to be attributed to the suppression of grain boundary sliding due to the creation of thermally stable Al-Sr compound along the grain boundary and the suppression of discontinuous precipitation of -Mg 17 Al 12 phase.

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ca,Sr Additions on Properties of Mg-Al Based Alloys

Nakaura¹,

Watanabe²,

Ohori³

2006

Mater. Trans.

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“…[18] Ca was also considered to increase the hot tearing susceptibility; however, alloys with high Ca contents have been found to display significantly reduced hot tear susceptibility. [19,20] Most common alloys include MRI153A (Mg-9Al-1Ca-0.1Sr), MRI153M (Mg-8Al-1Ca-0.3Sr), MRI230D (Mg-6.5Al-2Ca-1Sn-0.3Sr), and AXJ530 (Mg-5Al-3Ca-0.2Sr). The MRI series of alloys were developed by Dead Sea Magnesium and Volkswagen AG for various components in automobiles.…”

Section: A Mg-al-si Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22] MRI230D is a die-casting alloy that was developed to address the powertrain applications of the automotive industry, such as engine blocks operating at temperatures up to 463 K (190°C) and has very good creep properties. [23] AXJ530, which was developed by General Motors for engine blocks and transmissions, is reported to have at least 40 pct greater tensile and 25 pct greater compressive creep resistance than AE42, [17] and corrosion resistance as good as AZ91D [19] and these properties have been shown to improve further with heat treatment. [24] D. Mg-Al-RE Alloys There are two important alloys in the Mg-Al-RE family, one is AE42 (Mg-4Al-2RE) and the other AE44 (Mg-4Al-4RE).…”

Section: A Mg-al-si Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Magnesium Die-Casting Alloys for Elevated Temperature Applications: Microstructure, Tensile Properties, and Creep Resistance

Zhu

Easton

Abbott³

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans A

128

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Several families of magnesium die-casting alloys have been developed to operate at the elevated temperatures experienced in automotive powertrain applications. Most alloys are based on the Mg-Al system with alloying additions such as silicon, strontium, calcium, and rare earth elements (RE), although alloys with RE as the primary alloying constituent are also considered. This work presents an evaluation of the tensile properties and creep resistance of the most common magnesium die-casting alloys, in conjunction with the analysis of microstructure. The alloys investigated include AS31 (Mg-3Al-1Si), AJ52 (Mg-5Al-2Sr), MRI153A (Mg-9Al-1Ca-0.1Sr), MRI153M (Mg-8Al-1Ca-0.3Sr), MRI230D (Mg-6.5Al-2Ca-1Sn-0.3Sr), AXJ530 (Mg5Al-3Ca-0.2Sr), AE42 (Mg-4Al-2RE), AE44 (Mg-4Al-4RE), and AM-HP2+ (Mg-3.5RE-0.4Zn). It is shown that, among the various alloys evaluated, MRI230D, AXJ530, and AM-HP2+ have higher yield strength than the Al alloy A380, but the ductility is relatively low at room temperature for these alloys. In contrast, AS31 and the AE series alloys have very good room temperature ductility, but their yield strength is lower than that of A380. In terms of creep resistance, MRI230D, AXJ530, AE44, and AM-HP2+ are all comparable to the Al alloy counterpart at 423 K and 448 K (150°C and 175°C). Microstructural factors that are most important to the strength and creep resistance of the Mg die-casting alloys are discussed.

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“…Ca is very promising element because the addition of Ca significantly improves the high temperature strength and creep resistance [11][12][13] and it has low density and is low cost. Ca is also very effective for improving the ignition resistance of molten magnesium alloys, 14,15) which stimulated the development of non-combustible magnesium alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ca Addition on the Corrosion Resistance of Gravity Cast AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

2007

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The effect of Ca addition on the corrosion resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloys was evaluated by observation of microstructure and measurement of corrosion potential and average corrosion rate. The main mechanism of corrosion of AZ31+xCa (x ¼ 0$5 mass%) alloys was galvanic-corrosion between -Mg and second phase. But the propagation behavior of corrosion was different with Ca content. In the alloy containing below 0.7 mass%Ca, a micro-galvanic cell formed between matrix -Mg and second phase formed semi-continuously at grain boundaries and the corrosion progressed in transgranular mode. The propagation of corrosion was retarded when the corrosion front met the second phase acted as corrosion barrier. But in the alloys containing above 1 mass%Ca, a micro-galvanic cell formed between eutectic -Mg and discontinuous second phase in the eutectic region and the corrosion rapidly progressed along eutectic -Mg formed continuously at grain boundaries because the discontinuous second phase could not prohibit the propagation of corrosion effectively.

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Development of Creep-Resistant Magnesium Alloys for Powertrain Applications: Part 1 of 2

Cited by 59 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of Ca,Sr Additions on Properties of Mg-Al Based Alloys

Effects of Ca,Sr Additions on Properties of Mg-Al Based Alloys

Evaluation of Magnesium Die-Casting Alloys for Elevated Temperature Applications: Microstructure, Tensile Properties, and Creep Resistance

Effect of Ca Addition on the Corrosion Resistance of Gravity Cast AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

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