Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) or cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) with different morphologies, chemical, mechanical and physical properties can be obtained when microcrystalline cellulose is subjected to enzymatic, chemical or mechanical treatment. With the aim of utilizing cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) from Oryza sativa, we isolated microcrystalline cellulose using the Kraft process, followed by successive fiber fibrillation using mechanical grinding, then (2,2,6,6-Tetrame thylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) mediated oxidation. Analysis of pulp fibers obtained after each treatment step revealed that fiber properties such as length, crystallinity and crystal size changed when the pulp was subjected to mechanical grinding, ultrasonication and TEMPO mediated oxidation. The degree of crystallinity of the fibers increased while crystal size and fiber length decreased after each treatment. TEMPO mediated oxidation led to a decrease in fiber length and an increase in degree of crystallinity of the fibers as compared to mechanical treatment and ultrasonication. It further introduced carboxyl functional groups (COOH) on the surface of the fibrils, which implies that the nanofibers obtained in this study could be further functionalized. Hence, TEMPO mediated oxidation offers the possibility of further chemical functionalization of cellulose nanofibers isolated from agricultural residues. 摘要 微晶纤维素经酶、化学或机械处理后,可以获得具有不同形貌、化学性 质、机械性质和物理性质的纤维素纳米晶体(CNCs)或纤维素纳米纤维 (CNFs). 为了利用来自水稻的纤维素纳米纤维(CNFs),我们用牛皮纸法分 离微晶纤维素,然后用机械研磨法连续纤维纤颤,然后(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌 啶-1-基)氧化(TEMPO)介导氧化. 对每个处理步骤后得到的纸浆纤维进行分 析,发现当纸浆经过机械研磨、超声波处理和TEMPO介导氧化处理后, 纤维的长度、结晶度和晶体大小等特性发生了变化. 各处理后纤维结晶度 均有所提高,晶粒尺寸和纤维长度均有所减小. 与机械处理和超声处理相 比,TEMPO介导的氧化导致纤维长度缩短,纤维结晶度增加. 进一步在纤 维表面引入羧基官能团(COOH),说明本研究得到的纳米纤维可以进一步 功能化. 因此,TEMPO介导氧化为进一步实现从农业残留物中分离的纤维 素纳米纤维的化学功能化提供了可能.