“…reported that the addition of LIF to synthetic oviduct fluid medium ( SOFM) supplemented with 10% human serum increased the number of bovine parthenogenetic morulae developing to blastocysts. In contrast, when normal in vitro derived bovine embryos were cultured in SOFM + 10% human serum for 10 d after fertilization, LIF had no effect on development into blastocysts (Fukui and Matsuyama, 1994). A stimulatory effect of LIF was observed when media were supplemented with BSA or polyvinyl alcohol rather than serum.…”
Experiments were designed to study development of bovine embryos in TCM-199 medium conditioned by preculture with buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells. Conditioned media were harvested after BRL cells were cultured until confluency (CON), or for an additional 2 d with the same cells but new medium (CON-N) or the same medium (CON-S). Glucose in TCM-199 was depleted by BRL cells to different concentrations depending on coculture procedures: CON = 3.94 mM, CON-N = 1.67 mM, and CON-S = 1.11 mM glucose. In Exp. 1, development of bovine zygotes in CON-S resulted in fewer blastocysts than development in CON (10 vs 28%, P < .05); CON-N was not different from CON (26% blastocysts). Experiment 2 examined effects of moving embryos to a fresh drop of different or identical conditioned medium after culture for 3 d. Initial culture in CON-N and final culture in CON resulted in a greater (P < .01) number of blastocysts compared with the control of CON followed by CON (32 vs 19% blastocysts). This was not entirely due to changing from low to high glucose because adding glucose to CON-N after 3 d yielded only 18% blastocysts. To test the hypothesis that beneficial effects of BRL cell-conditioned media may be due to secretion of leukemia inhibiting factor (LIF), LIF was added to B2, a more appropriate medium than Medium-199 for culturing bovine embryos without conditioning or coculture with BRL cells. In the absence of serum, the percentage of blastocysts per cleaved embryo (17 to 28%) was not improved with LIF; however, the mean number of cells per blastocyst was higher (P < .05) in treatments with LIF (65 to 74 cells) than without LIF (47 cells). In B2 medium + 10% fetal calf serum, LIF was of no benefit; development to blastocysts was good with or without LIF (43% of cleaved).
“…reported that the addition of LIF to synthetic oviduct fluid medium ( SOFM) supplemented with 10% human serum increased the number of bovine parthenogenetic morulae developing to blastocysts. In contrast, when normal in vitro derived bovine embryos were cultured in SOFM + 10% human serum for 10 d after fertilization, LIF had no effect on development into blastocysts (Fukui and Matsuyama, 1994). A stimulatory effect of LIF was observed when media were supplemented with BSA or polyvinyl alcohol rather than serum.…”
Experiments were designed to study development of bovine embryos in TCM-199 medium conditioned by preculture with buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells. Conditioned media were harvested after BRL cells were cultured until confluency (CON), or for an additional 2 d with the same cells but new medium (CON-N) or the same medium (CON-S). Glucose in TCM-199 was depleted by BRL cells to different concentrations depending on coculture procedures: CON = 3.94 mM, CON-N = 1.67 mM, and CON-S = 1.11 mM glucose. In Exp. 1, development of bovine zygotes in CON-S resulted in fewer blastocysts than development in CON (10 vs 28%, P < .05); CON-N was not different from CON (26% blastocysts). Experiment 2 examined effects of moving embryos to a fresh drop of different or identical conditioned medium after culture for 3 d. Initial culture in CON-N and final culture in CON resulted in a greater (P < .01) number of blastocysts compared with the control of CON followed by CON (32 vs 19% blastocysts). This was not entirely due to changing from low to high glucose because adding glucose to CON-N after 3 d yielded only 18% blastocysts. To test the hypothesis that beneficial effects of BRL cell-conditioned media may be due to secretion of leukemia inhibiting factor (LIF), LIF was added to B2, a more appropriate medium than Medium-199 for culturing bovine embryos without conditioning or coculture with BRL cells. In the absence of serum, the percentage of blastocysts per cleaved embryo (17 to 28%) was not improved with LIF; however, the mean number of cells per blastocyst was higher (P < .05) in treatments with LIF (65 to 74 cells) than without LIF (47 cells). In B2 medium + 10% fetal calf serum, LIF was of no benefit; development to blastocysts was good with or without LIF (43% of cleaved).
“…The development of bovine embryos could also be improved by the addition of human recombinant LIF, but only when the culture medium is supplemented with bovine serum albumin or polyvinyl alcohol. When serum was used to supplement the medium, no positive effect of LIF was observed (Fukui and Matsuyama, 1994).…”
Inner cell masses (ICM) from in vitro produced day 8 or 9 bovine blastocysts were isolated by immunosurgery and cultured under different conditions in order to establish which of two feeder cell types and culture media were most efficient in supporting attachment and outgrowth of the bovine ICM cells. The efficiency of attachment and outgrowth of the ICM cells could be markedly improved when STO feeder cells were used instead of bovine uterus epithelial cells, and by using charcoal-stripped serum instead of normal serum to supplement the culture medium. More than 20 stable cell lines were obtained. Some of these lines were examined by immunofluorescence for developmentally regulated markers. From these results we conclude that the cell lines resemble epithelial cells, rather than pluripotent ICM cells. The developmental potential of cells of one of the lines was tested in the nuclear transfer assay. The cell line could support the initial development of enucleated oocytes, but none of the reconstructed embryos passed the eight-cell block.
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