Development of an oven drying protocol to improve biodiesel production for an indigenous chlorophycean microalga Scenedesmus sp.

Bagchi, Sourav Kumar; Rao, P. Srinivasa; Mallick, Nirupama

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.092

Cited by 49 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…For

{\dot{Q}}_{res}

< 0.75 kW, it was observed that the biomass did not reach the minimum humidity content ( x = 10%), while for

{\dot{Q}}_{res}

> 3.1 kW, the biomass temperature exceeded 100°C. Temperatures above 100°C have been reported to reduce the efficiency of lipid extraction …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to estimate the drying process performance, an objective function was established aiming at minimizing system energy consumption ( E ) described as follows:

E = ((), {\dot{Q}}_{res} + \overset{W}{true}) normalΔ t_{x 10},

where

{\dot{Q}}_{res}

is the power of the electrical resistance and Δ t x 10 is the time it takes for the biomass humidity ratio to reach 10%, on a wet basis. In the case of oil extraction with solvents, this minimum value of the residual humidity ratio is necessary to achieve high lipid yield, because the water contained in the biomass acts to protect the lipids from the solvent . Additionally,

\overset{W}{true}

is the power that must be supplied by the fan in order to overcome the air flow head loss, given by

\overset{W}{true} = \frac{{\dot{m}}_{da} normalΔ P}{ρ_{italicda}},

in which Δ P is the pressure drop calculated by

normalΔ P = ρ_{da} f \frac{L}{D_{h}} \frac{V^{2}}{2},

where f is the friction factor.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of oil extraction with solvents, this minimum value of the residual humidity ratio is necessary to achieve high lipid yield, because the water contained in the biomass acts to protect the lipids from the solvent. [29][30][31] Additionally, _ W is the power that must be supplied by the fan in order to overcome the air flow head loss, given by…”

Section: Optimization Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperatures above 100°C have been reported to reduce the efficiency of lipid extraction. 31 Next, the dry air mass flow rate ( _ m da ) is analyzed in two extremes as follows: (i) As _ m da →0, _ W →0, but Δt x10 → ∞, since heat and mass transfer decrease; therefore, E increases; (ii) as _ m da →∞, _ W →∞; therefore, E increases as well. The _ m da values were analyzed in the range from 1 to 45 g s −1 , which was the upper limit found in which the biomass humidity content reached 10%.…”

Section: Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling, simulation, and optimization of a microalgae biomass drying process

et al. 2019

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Summary The aim of the present work was to develop a transient mathematical model focused on microalgae biomass drying, considering two phases: solid (wet biomass) and gas (drying air). Mass and thermal energy balances were written for each phase producing a system of ordinary differential equations (ODE). The solution of the ODE set delivers the temperature and air humidity ratio and biomass profiles with respect to time. The numerical results were directly compared with temperature experimental measurements—for both phases—and with the biomass humidity content. Data from experiment 1 were used to carry out the mathematical model adjustment, whereas data from experiment 2 were used for the experimental validation of the model. The model was adjusted by proposing a new correlation for the mass transfer coefficient and by calibrating the heat transfer coefficient. The transient numerical results were in good quantitative and qualitative agreement with the experimental results, ie, within the experimental error bars. Then the experimentally validated mathematical model was utilized to optimize the following parameters: (i) the electric heater power ( Q̇res) and the dry air mass flow rate ( ṁda) and (ii) the convection oven length to width ratio (L/W). The goal was to minimize system energy consumption (objective function). The optimization procedure was subject to the following physical constraints: (i) fixed convection oven total volume and (ii) fixed biomass and drying air contact surface area. For the oven original geometry, Q̇italicres,italicopt = 3.0 kW and ṁitalicda,italicopt = 9 g s−1 were numerically found for minimum energy consumption, so that 36.9% and 43.5% energy consumption decreases were obtained, respectively, in comparison with the measurements of experiment 1. Next, the numerical geometric optimization found (L/W)opt = 9, with Q̇italicres,italicopt and ṁitalicda,italicopt, which was capable to reach a 51.6% energy consumption reduction in comparison with the original system tested in experiment 1. The novelty of this work consists of the development and experimental validation of a physically based microalgae biomass drying mathematical model, ie, instead of using empirical correlations to predict the drying time and temperature profiles and then minimize system energy consumption. Therefore, the results show that it is reasonable to state that the model could be used to design, control, and optimize drying systems with configurations similar to the one analyzed in this study.

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“…For

{\dot{Q}}_{res}

< 0.75 kW, it was observed that the biomass did not reach the minimum humidity content ( x = 10%), while for

{\dot{Q}}_{res}

> 3.1 kW, the biomass temperature exceeded 100°C. Temperatures above 100°C have been reported to reduce the efficiency of lipid extraction …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to estimate the drying process performance, an objective function was established aiming at minimizing system energy consumption ( E ) described as follows:

E = ((), {\dot{Q}}_{res} + \overset{W}{true}) normalΔ t_{x 10},

where

{\dot{Q}}_{res}

\overset{W}{true}

is the power that must be supplied by the fan in order to overcome the air flow head loss, given by

\overset{W}{true} = \frac{{\dot{m}}_{da} normalΔ P}{ρ_{italicda}},

in which Δ P is the pressure drop calculated by

normalΔ P = ρ_{da} f \frac{L}{D_{h}} \frac{V^{2}}{2},

where f is the friction factor.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimization Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling, simulation, and optimization of a microalgae biomass drying process

et al. 2019

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“…La optimización y diseño de equipos para el procesamiento postcultivo también representa un ahorro significativo para la obtención de biodiésel a partir de microalgas. Bagchi et al (2015) destacan que el proceso de secado representa hasta un 30% del costo total, por eso diseñaron un horno de secado que ahorra el 50% (0.017 kWh) de la energía generalmente usada en este proceso. Alva et al (2013) sostienen que el uso de aguas residuales municipales para la producción de biomasa microalgal ofrece una alternativa viable para disminuir los costos de producción de lípidos debido al ahorro de agua y nutrientes (ej.…”

Section: Microalgas Como Fuente De Biodiésel: Avances Y Perspectivasunclassified

Biodiesel production from microalgae: progress and biotechnological prospects

et al. 2017

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RESUMENAntecedentes. Las microalgas son una alternativa para la obtención de biodiésel por su alto rendimiento de lípidos y su perfil de ácidos grasos. Objetivos. Hacer una revisión sobre los avances y perspectivas actuales de la producción de biodiésel a partir de microalgas. Métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda actualizada de los trabajos de investigación relacionados con la producción de biodiésel a partir de microalgas, con especial énfasis en la biosíntesis de ácidos grasos y triglicéridos, la producción de biomasa, las técnicas de extracción, los procesos biotecnológicos implementados en sistemas de cultivo, la transesterificación y los sistemas de doble propósito. Resultados. Las microalgas tienen rendimientos altos de producción de lípidos (59 m 3 ha -1 año -1 ), por lo que representa una alternativa para la obtención de biodiésel; sin embargo, el costo de producción y recuperación de biomasa sigue siendo elevado ($5.8 USD Kg -1 ), aunado a los altos requerimientos energéticos (33 MJ Kg -1 ). Actualmente no existen técnicas industriales factibles para la extracción de lípidos y se están probando los métodos por fluidos supercríticos, campo eléctrico de pulso, microondas y ultrasonicación. La biotecnología ha propuesto un novedoso sistema biológico mediante el uso de lipasas recuperadas de hongos filamentosos para el proceso de transesterificación, los cuales ya son comerciales, y ha logrado rendimientos de biocatálisis mayores al 90%. Los "sistema de doble propósito" pueden ser optimizados utilizando un diseño modular que establezca los procesos y operaciones unitarias bien definidas. Conclusiones. El uso de microalgas para la obtención de biodiésel representa una técnica viable gracias a su alto contenido lipídico y a su perfil de ácidos grasos, aunque hace falta el desarrollo de tecnologías que disminuyan el costo de producción. El uso de sistemas de doble propósito se vislumbra como una buena opción para reducir estos precios, al mismo tiempo que se reusan aguas residuales. ABSTRACTBackground. Microalgae have proven to be an excellent alternative to produce biodiesel due of its high lipid yield and its fatty acid profile. Goals. A review was made on the current advances and perspectives on the production of biodiesel from microalgae. Methods. An updated search was done of the research work related to biodiesel production from microalgae, emphasizing fatty acid and triglyceride biosynthesis, biomass production, extraction techniques, biotechnological processes implemented in culture systems, transesterification and dual purpose systems. Results. Microalgae have shown high yields of lipid production (59 m 3 ha -1 year -1 ) representing an alternative to produce biodiesel. However, costs of biomass production and recovery remain high (US $ 5.8 kg -1 ), coupled with high-energy requirements (33 MJ kg-kg -1 ). Supercritical fluids, electric pulse field, microwave and ultra sonication have being tested for lipid extraction, but currently there are no feasible industrial techniques in this field. Biotechnology ha...

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Optimization of Drying Parameters for Hermetia illucens Using Oven Drying

2022

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Insects are frequently dried to retain their nutritional quality. The influence of drying temperature and drying time has an effect on the crude lipid yield. The greater moisture loss will lead to a higher lipid yield. Inactivation of larvae by means of freezing followed by oven drying indicates a high amount of free fatty acids. The total fatty acid concentration in Hermetia illucens prepupae was mainly comprised of saturated fatty acids followed by monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. A substantial amount of lauric acid was discovered and may be beneficial in animal feed. The optimum crude lipid yield and moisture loss temperature were determined.

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Development of an oven drying protocol to improve biodiesel production for an indigenous chlorophycean microalga Scenedesmus sp.

Cited by 49 publications

References 30 publications

Modeling, simulation, and optimization of a microalgae biomass drying process

Modeling, simulation, and optimization of a microalgae biomass drying process

Biodiesel production from microalgae: progress and biotechnological prospects

Optimization of Drying Parameters for Hermetia illucens Using Oven Drying

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