Development of an atmosphere‐ocean coupled model and its application over the Adriatic Sea during a severe weather event of Bora wind

Loglisci, Nicola; Qian, Min; Rachev, N.; Cassardo, Claudio; Longhetto, A.; Purini, R.; Trivero, P.; Ferrarese, S.; Giraud, C.

doi:10.1029/2003jd003956

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…To summarize, the interactive coupling tends to moderate both the atmospheric and ocean responses compared with the one-way mode. This conclusion agrees with the results of previous studies such as those of Josse et al (1999) on a cyclonic case during the SEMAPHORE experimental campaign, of Lionello et al (2003) on six case studies of strong cyclones and intense air-sea interactions situations over the Mediterranean basin, or of Loglisci et al (2004) and Pullen et al (2006) on Bora cases over the Adriatic Sea.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…These strong local easterly winds often occur during the winter and influence energy transfer between the Adriatic Sea and the atmospheric boundary layer. Coupled high-resolution simulations performed for this type of situation have shown that the full interactive coupling provided a more accurate SST than the simply forced ocean simulations (Loglisci et al, 2004;Pullen et al, 2006). Pullen et al (2006) highlighted the necessity of a high-resolution coupled modelling system to represent well the fine-scale coupled processes in coastal areas (orographic flow circulations, river water transport, SST fronts, coastal downwelling or upwelling, or local oceanic circulations).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two‐way one‐dimensional high‐resolution air–sea coupled modelling applied to Mediterranean heavy rain events

Brossier

Ducrocq

Giordani

2008

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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South-eastern France is prone to heavy rain events during the autumn. For these extreme precipitation events, the Mediterranean Sea fuels the atmospheric boundary layer in heat and moisture and sometimes contributes to flooding, owing to the large swell and waves produced in these situations. The aim of this study is to examine how the severe atmospheric conditions over the sea associated with these events alter the ocean mixed layer, and what feedback the ocean contributes to the precipitation events.To address these questions, a high-resolution air-sea coupled system is developed between the atmospheric MESO-NH model and a one-dimensional ocean model. It is applied for short range (24 h) and high-resolution (2-3 km) simulations of three representative torrential rainfall events: 12-13 November 1999 (Aude case), 8-9 September 2002 (Gard case) and 3 December 2003 (Hérault case). In those meteorological situations characterized by moderate to intense low-level winds, the Mediterranean Sea globally loses energy, to the benefit of the convective precipitating systems. The result is an overall decrease of the thermal content all along the simulation of the events. Significant cooling and deepening of the ocean mixed layer are found in the areas of intense low-level winds. A notable result of the study concerns the impact of the torrential rainfall on the ocean mixed layer. The most important disturbances of the ocean mixed layer are indeed found underneath the heavy precipitation. The salt content is decreased all along the ocean mixed layer depth, but more significantly in the first ten metres near the air-sea interface, with the formation of a salt barrier.By performing both two-way and one-way coupled simulations, it is found that the interactive coupling tends to moderate both the atmospheric and ocean responses compared with the one-way mode. The differences between the two-way and one-way coupled simulations are, however, found to be relatively small considering the atmospheric short-range forecast.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐way one‐dimensional high‐resolution air–sea coupled modelling applied to Mediterranean heavy rain events

Brossier

Ducrocq

Giordani

2008

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…For example, Chen et al (2007) remarked that coupling the atmospheric models with an ocean circulation model that includes a realistic thermal stratification and vertical mixing is necessary to ensure the adequate representation of hurricane intensity. Other studies (Döscher et al, 2002;Aldrian et al, 2005;Loglisci et al, 2004) have demonstrated that atmosphere and ocean coupling is also necessary for the correct simulation of other meteorological extreme conditions. Because storm surge and wind waves are highly sensitive to wind direction and intensity, it is critical to correctly simulate the atmospheric dynamics and the air-sea momentum transfer processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean–atmosphere dynamics during Hurricane Ida and Nor’Ida: An application of the coupled ocean–atmosphere–wave–sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system

et al. 2012

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a b s t r a c tThe coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system was used to investigate atmosphere-ocean-wave interactions in November 2009 during Hurricane Ida and its subsequent evolution to Nor'Ida, which was one of the most costly storm systems of the past two decades. One interesting aspect of this event is that it included two unique atmospheric extreme conditions, a hurricane and a nor'easter storm, which developed in regions with different oceanographic characteristics. Our modeled results were compared with several data sources, including GOES satellite infrared data, JASON-1 and JASON-2 altimeter data, CODAR measurements, and wave and tidal information from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) and the National Tidal Database. By performing a series of numerical runs, we were able to isolate the effect of the interaction terms between the atmosphere (modeled with Weather Research and Forecasting, the WRF model), the ocean (modeled with Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS)), and the wave propagation and generation model (modeled with Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN)). Special attention was given to the role of the ocean surface roughness. Three different ocean roughness closure models were analyzed: DGHQ (which is based on wave age), TY2001 (which is based on wave steepness), and OOST (which considers both the effects of wave age and steepness). Including the ocean roughness in the atmospheric module improved the wind intensity estimation and therefore also the wind waves, surface currents, and storm surge amplitude. For example, during the passage of Hurricane Ida through the Gulf of Mexico, the wind speeds were reduced due to wave-induced ocean roughness, resulting in better agreement with the measured winds. During Nor'Ida, including the wave-induced surface roughness changed the form and dimension of the main low pressure cell, affecting the intensity and direction of the winds. The combined wave age-and wave steepness-based parameterization (OOST) provided the best results for wind and wave growth prediction. However, the best agreement between the measured (CODAR) and computed surface currents and storm surge values was obtained with the wave steepness-based roughness parameterization (TY2001), although the differences obtained with respect to DGHQ were not significant. The influence of sea surface temperature (SST) fields on the atmospheric boundary layer dynamics was examined; in particular, we evaluated how the SST affects wind wave generation, surface currents and storm surges. The integrated hydrograph and integrated wave height, parameters that are highly correlated with the storm damage potential, were found to be highly sensitive to the ocean surface roughness parameterization.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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“…Bora events also have an effect of the water circulation, which has been studied extensively for the Adriatic Sea, both theoretically and experimentally (see, e.g., Orlic et al 1994;Bergamasco and Gasic 1996;Pullen et al 2003;Loglisci et al 2004;Lee et al 2005;CushmanRoisin and Korotenko 2007). A recent collection of papers dealing with this topic can be found in the special Adriatic Sea issue of J. Geophys.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of Bora Events over the Adriatic Sea and Black Sea by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar

Alpers

Ivanov

Horstmann

2009

Monthly Weather Review

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Bora events over the Adriatic Sea and Black Sea are investigated by using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired by the advanced SAR (ASAR) on board the European satellite Envisat. It is shown that the sea surface roughness patterns associated with bora events, which are captured by SAR, yield information on the finescale structure of the bora wind field that cannot be obtained by other spaceborne instruments. In particular, SAR is capable of resolving 1) bora-induced wind jets and wakes that are organized in bands normal to the coastline, 2) atmospheric gravity waves, and 3) boundaries between the bora wind fields and ambient wind fields. Quantitative information on the sea surface wind field is extracted from the Envisat ASAR images by inferring the wind direction from wind-induced streaks visible on SAR images and by using the C-band wind scatterometer model CMOD_IFR2 to convert normalized cross sections into wind speeds. It is argued that spaceborne SAR images acquired over the east coasts of the Adriatic Sea and the Black Sea are ideal means to validate and improve mesoscale atmospheric models simulating bora events.

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Development of an atmosphere‐ocean coupled model and its application over the Adriatic Sea during a severe weather event of Bora wind

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

Two‐way one‐dimensional high‐resolution air–sea coupled modelling applied to Mediterranean heavy rain events

Two‐way one‐dimensional high‐resolution air–sea coupled modelling applied to Mediterranean heavy rain events

Ocean–atmosphere dynamics during Hurricane Ida and Nor’Ida: An application of the coupled ocean–atmosphere–wave–sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system

Observations of Bora Events over the Adriatic Sea and Black Sea by Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar

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