Development of an Adaptive Solution to Increase Infrastructure System Resilience Based upon a Location-Allocation Methodology

Abstract

Infrastructure systems are critical to the normal functioning of our modern communities, enabling access to essential resources and services, and also providing a platform for social and economic growth. These systems are currently being subjected to a multitude of challenges and must therefore adapt to ensure the needs of society can continue to be met. Perhaps the most problematic of these challenges is climate change. The high level of uncertainty within long-term climate projections means that they cannot reliably be used as a basis for informed decisions to permanently alter existing assets or change the design of infrastructure assets (through alteration to design codes, for example). Therefore, we need new tools to ensure our infrastructure systems are resilient using adaptable approaches, which do not require accurate long-term climate scenarios to inform decisions. This paper develops a modified Location-Allocation modelling approach, which can provide an adaptive solution, utilising deployable resources, to increase the resilience of infrastructure systems. Specifically, this approach can be applied to indicate the optimal location to store resources so as to ensure a baseline level of service to our communities, either through the protection of critical assets (e.g. mobile flood defences, grit storage) or the provision of a temporary service (e.g. electricity generators). The approach we have developed is based upon a modified Location-Allocation analysis, which determines an optimal location for one, or more, resource sites to provide supply to a given set of demand points (e.g. hospitals, community centres). The novel contribution of the work, is to the development of a methodology to assign weighting to assets with only qualitative attributes within the Location-Allocation methodology. We use ArcGIS to undertake the analysis and apply our methodology to a realworld infrastructure case study and natural hazard threat.

Resilience of Critical Infrastructure Systems: A Systematic Literature Review of Measurement Frameworks

“…The frameworks to assess infrastructure resilience can be classified in many different ways. There are stand-alone frameworks [31,32,77,78] to assess infrastructure resilience. However, some other frameworks are multi-dimensional frameworks [25][26][27]79] in which the infrastructure resilience assessment is one among key resilience dimensions such as social, economic, ecological, and institutional.…”

A Study on the Walkability of Zijingang East Campus of Zhejiang University: Based on Network Distance Walk Score

“…The area of high values has expanded significantly, which indicates that it can provide practical suggestions for creating a highly walkable campus, but this method should be adjusted according to the specific circumstances to make it adaptable to different built environments. If the evaluation index of the walkability index increases, the method needs to increase the parameter accordingly to meet the needs, such as Dunn et al adding new weighting indicators to the analytical model based on the local distribution of assets when carrying out the infrastructure location assignment [47].…”