Development of Airport Low-level Wind Information (ALWIN)

Matayoshi, Naoki; Iijima, Tomoko; Yamamoto, Kentaro; Fujita, E

doi:10.2514/6.2016-4362

Cited by 5 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…3) or to ground users (airline dispatcher/operations officers) via the Internet to provide a graphical and textual web display (Fig. 4), as we have described previously (4,5,11) .…”

Section: Operational Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With a ‘pull’ operation (4) , flight crews can obtain low-level wind information from the cockpit at any time on request using ACARS. To implement this type of operation, airlines have to modify their ACARS ground systems to respond automatically to flight crew requests by retrieving the latest ALWIN/LOTAS/SOLWIN text information from the server and uplinking it.…”

Section: Operational Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, with a ‘push’ operation (4) , ground-based dispatchers or operations staff monitor the wind situation using a web display screen, shown in Fig. 4, and transmit the information to aircraft in flight when notable wind disturbances are observed.…”

Section: Operational Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this concept, we have developed three types of airport low-level wind information system with different capabilities and costs: Airport Low-level Wind INformation (ALWIN) (4) and Low-level Turbulence Advisory System (LOTAS) (5) that use Doppler radar/lidar sensors, and Sodar-based Low-level Wind INformation (SOLWIN) (6) that uses Doppler SOnic Detection And Ranging (SODAR). This allows the system with the best cost benefit for an airport to be selected according to the airport’s scale and local weather characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper presents the operational concept of our newly developed airport low-level wind information systems and describes their validation. The paper does not discuss the technical validation of wind measurement and detection accuracy, since system validation has been presented in our previous works (4,11) . Instead, the operational evaluations discussed in this paper focus on the usability of the ALWIN/LOTAS/SOLWIN user interfaces, shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Operational concept and validation of a new airport low-level wind information system

2020

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Pilots are sometimes not provided with sufficient information to avoid go-arounds or other operational disruptions that result from low-level wind disturbances. We identified issues with existing windshear alerting systems and developed three types of airport low-level wind information systems to enhance pilot situational awareness of wind conditions by providing landing aircraft with quantitative and visualised wind information for ultimately mitigating air service disruptions due to low-level wind disturbances. The three systems, Airport Low-level Wind Information (ALWIN) and Low-level Turbulence Advisory System (LOTAS), both of which use Doppler radar/lidar, and Sodar-based Low-level Wind Information (SOLWIN), which uses Doppler SOnic Detection And Ranging (SODAR), have different costs and capabilities that allow the most cost-effective system to be selected for an airport according to its scale and local weather characteristics. This paper presents the operational concepts of our newly developed airport low-level wind information systems and describes their validation.

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“…3) or to ground users (airline dispatcher/operations officers) via the Internet to provide a graphical and textual web display (Fig. 4), as we have described previously (4,5,11) .…”

Section: Operational Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Operational Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Operational Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Operational concept and validation of a new airport low-level wind information system

2020

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Alerting of hectometric turbulence features atHongKongInternationalAirport using a short‐rangeLIDAR

Hon

Chan

2020

Meteorological Applications

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Small-scale, fast-evolving airflow disturbances, possibly due to upstream building clusters, are known to affect aircraft landing at corridor 25RA of Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA), China, under southerly or southwesterly winds. The paper presents a new algorithm, based on the concept of coherent integrated differential velocity (CIDV), for the automatic alerting of such hectometric (scale of hundreds of metres) turbulence features using short-range LIDAR (SRL) scans at 30 m radial resolution and an observation frequency of around every 20 s by Hong Kong Observatory (HKO). The CIDV identifies the cumulative effect of coherent patches of radial velocity changes occurring along the landing flight path by comparing two consecutive subminute SRL scans. Verification was conducted between June and September 2017 against a selection of relevant pilot reports, with a positive skill level observed over the whole range of the CIDV thresholds considered. When simulating a realistic setting where the SRL would issue alerts in conjunction with HKO's operational Windshear and Turbulence Warning System (WTWS), the CIDV algorithm would bring a gain in hit rate between 5% and 25%, with a corresponding increase in alert duration between 0.4% and 20%. The chosen CIDV threshold of 0.4 mÁs −1 nautical mile (nm) can be physically interpreted as an average radial velocity change of 4.0 mÁs −1 sustained over a distance of < 200 m (or between 2 and 3 s of flight), which agrees with reported values of crosswind changes considered significant for a landing aircraft and also pilots' perception of the characteristics of such events.

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Historical analysis (2001–2019) of low‐level wind shear at the Hong Kong International Airport

Hon

Chan

2022

Meteorological Applications

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This paper analyses over 10,000 quality‐controlled pilot reports of low‐level wind shear (‘wind shear’) at the Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA; ICAO code: VHHH) between 2001 and 2019. HKIA is well known for its susceptibility to wind shear, which is a potential hazard for aircraft during landing and take‐off. Wind shear at HKIA exhibits strong seasonality with double peaks in the middle of the spring and summer months. There is a strong diurnal cycle in report numbers, peaking towards the afternoon, as modulated by air traffic at HKIA. On average, there are 115 days per year with wind shear reported, with possible power law distribution in the number of days with different number of reports. By comparing the background wind distribution during those minutes with pilot reports against the climatological distribution, wind shear is observed to be, on average, favoured under higher wind speeds (≥6 m s−1) and reduced under lower speeds with shifted frequency peak and heavier tail, although statistical behaviour can differ significantly across individual runway corridors. Preferred background wind directions for wind shear occurrence highlight the role of terrain influence upstream of HKIA. While positive shear (65.6%) is more often reported than negative shear (34.4%), both types of wind shear events appear to follow an exponential distribution in shear magnitude, with similar rates of decay. This is by far the largest statistical study of low‐level wind shear at an airport. Results can serve as an important local reference in addition to being a useful example for airports around the world.

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Development of Airport Low-level Wind Information (ALWIN)

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Operational concept and validation of a new airport low-level wind information system

Operational concept and validation of a new airport low-level wind information system

Alerting of hectometric turbulence features atHongKongInternationalAirport using a short‐rangeLIDAR

Historical analysis (2001–2019) of low‐level wind shear at the Hong Kong International Airport

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