A septicemic outbreak in southern Taiwan duck farms in 2014 resulted in high mortality of ducklings. Samples from oral or cloacal sites of a®ected Muscovy and Pekin ducks were collected and the identity of the¯eld isolates was con¯rmed using Riemerella anatipestifer (RA) 16S rRNA and outer membrane protein A (OmpA)-speci¯c primers in polymerase chain reactions (PCR), with 15 isolates found positive for both 16S rRNA and OmpA. Detection of both the 16S rRNA and OmpA genes could be a rapid PCR test for RA. Serotyping of the isolates using gel-di®usion precipitin test identi¯ed serotypes 1, 4, 6, 17, and 19 while a number of isolates were unidenti¯able. Sequence analysis of the OmpA gene found high identity (99.0-99.7%) among isolates in Taiwan. These results indicate that RA remains as a signi¯cant cause of duck septicemic disease in southern Taiwan.