Development of a stack simulation model for control study on direct reforming molten carbonate fuel cell power plant

Lukas, Michael; Lee, K.Y.; Ghezel-Ayagh, Hossein

doi:10.1109/60.815119

Cited by 152 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This relationship can be exploited in hybrid systems by operating at lower fuel utilizations to boost the fuel to air ratio, and also in co-generation systems producing usable hydrogen as a byproduct [46]. Some studies suggest controlling the steam ratio as a means of temperature control for MCFC systems [12,17]. This study supports these claims, demonstrating a slight reduction Fig.…”

Section: Steady State Performance Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

A spatially resolved physical model for transient system analysis of high temperature fuel cells

McLarty

Brouwer

Samuelsen

2013

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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IntroductionThe U.S. Department of Energy has devoted significant effort towards technological breakthroughs for highly efficient low emission electricity production [1e4]. Rising oil prices, the possibility of carbon taxation, and unnerving dependence on foreign energy sources stimulated the federal government's interest in clean energy sources that can meet new greenhouse gas emission targets. Fuel cells promise the dual benefits of high efficiency energy conversion and extremely low pollutant emissions, but adoption of the technology has been limited by high initial capital costs and lack of market acceptance. The challenges include poor economies of scale in manufacturing due to the relatively high materials costs and surface-area scaling characteristics, the complexity of the balance of plant and control systems, a lack of proven system durability, and operations and maintenance costs. Available online at www.sciencedirect.com journal h om epa ge: www.elsev ier.com/locate/he i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f h y d r o g e n e n e r g y 3 8 ( 2 0 1 3 ) 7 9 3 5 e7 9 4 6

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Section: Steady State Performance Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

A spatially resolved physical model for transient system analysis of high temperature fuel cells

McLarty

Brouwer

Samuelsen

2013

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…Each of these models, however, retains an appropriate dependance upon heat exchanger design and operating conditions through non-dimensional numbers (e.g., Reynolds, Nusselt, Prandtl). A partially reformed anode gas and cathode gas mixture representative of that which characterizes the FuelCell Energy, Inc. system was used for comparison of the fuel cell models [1].…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Use of internal reformation provides an additional means of cooling the MCFC, and results in decreased cathode mass flow cooling requirements for the MCFC. As a result, internal reformation increases system efficiency by reducing thermal loss and increasing TIT, and it reduces cost through reduction of heat exchanger requirements [1]. In addition, this approach should provide a more robust hybrid performance envelope.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamic Simulation of Carbonate Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems

Roberts

Brouwer

Liese

et al. 2006

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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Hybrid fuel cell/gas turbine systems provide an efficient means of producing electricity from fossil fuels with ultra low emissions. However, there are many significant challenges involved in integrating the fuel cell with the gas turbine and other components of this type of system. The fuel cell and the gas turbine must maintain efficient operation and electricity production while protecting equipment during perturbations that may occur when the system is connected to the utility grid or in stand-alone mode. This paper presents recent dynamic simulation results from two laboratories focused on developing tools to aid in the design and dynamic analyses of hybrid fuel cell systems. The simulation results present the response of a carbonate fuel cell/gas turbine, or molten carbonate fuel cell/gas turbine, (MCFC/GT) hybrid system to a load demand perturbation. Initial results suggest that creative control strategies will be needed to ensure a flexible system with wide turndown and robust dynamic operation NOMENCLATURE A surfSurface area EaActivation Energy K j

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“…Fuel cell is an energy tool which uses hydrogen as a raw material and converts its chemical energy directly into electric energy by a certain device. And it has many advantages such as high energy density, low pollution emission, strong ability of adaptation, therefore, fuel cell is becoming a promising substitute for conventional fossil fuel [2][3][4]. Moreover, fuel cell electricity generation is regarded as the core of the future hydrogen production and utilization industry [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Model Predictive Hybrid Feedforward Control of Fuel Cell Power Generation System

Sun

Shen

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is widely considered as an alternative solution among the family of the sustainable distributed generation. Its load flexibility enables it adjusting the power output to meet the requirements from power grid balance. Although promising, its control is challenging when faced with load changes, during which the output voltage is required to be maintained as constant and fuel utilization rate kept within a safe range. Moreover, it makes the control even more intractable because of the multivariable coupling and strong nonlinearity within the wide-range operating conditions. To this end, this paper developed a multiple model predictive control strategy for reliable SOFC operation. The resistance load is regarded as a measurable disturbance, which is an input to the model predictive control as feedforward compensation. The coupling is accommodated by the receding horizon optimization. The nonlinearity is mitigated by the multiple linear models, the weighted sum of which serves as the final control execution. The merits of the proposed control structure are demonstrated by the simulation results.

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Development of a stack simulation model for control study on direct reforming molten carbonate fuel cell power plant

Cited by 152 publications

References 4 publications

A spatially resolved physical model for transient system analysis of high temperature fuel cells

A spatially resolved physical model for transient system analysis of high temperature fuel cells

Dynamic Simulation of Carbonate Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems

Multiple Model Predictive Hybrid Feedforward Control of Fuel Cell Power Generation System

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