Development of a Spatial Model of Age-Related Change in the Macular Ganglion Cell Layer to Predict Function From Structural Changes

Tong, Jiarong; Phu, Jack; Khuu, Sieu K.; Yoshioka, Nayuta; Choi, Agnes; Nivison‐Smith, Lisa; Marc, Robert E.; Jones, Bryan W.; Pfeiffer, Rebecca L.; Kalloniatis, Michael; Zangerl, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2019.04.020

Cited by 34 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…52 Our group recently described similar methodology for age-correction functions for GCL thickness changes across the macula, in accordance with the previously described spatial clusters. 26,27 Consequently, in this study, we found these functions could be applied to a control and diseased cohort to correct all GCL thickness data to the equivalent of a 65-year-old eye.…”

Section: Age-correction Of Gcl Thickness Can Be Applied To Diseased Eyesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…OCT macular cube scans (61 B-scans covering an area of 30°× 25°) were acquired with Spectralis SD-OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), as previously described. 26,27 Scans with significant artifacts or signal strength of lower than 15 dB were excluded. Scans were automatically segmented into each individual retinal layer using the HRA/Spectralis Viewing Module (Heidelberg Engineering).…”

Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Normal cohort data were processed to generate normative mean GCL thickness of each spatial cluster. 26,27 The mean GCL thickness for each cluster for each 5-year age-bracket is described in Table 3.…”

Section: Gcl Thickness Change In Amd Eyes Based On Age-matched Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 The use of age-correction functions to account for heterogeneous and under-sampled cohorts has been previously demonstrated for visual field data, 25 and recently described age-correction functions for GCL thickness changes across the macula may have potential to do the same. 26 Our group has recently described methodology to quantify GCL thickness changes across the macula with high spatial resolution using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) 26,27 and age-correction functions for GCL thickness across the macula. The former methodology has successfully been used to describe rates of age-related GCL thickness loss in specific areas of the macula, 26,27 illustrate contrast sensitivity isocontours of visual field to better delineate functional deficits, 28,29 and develop accurate spatial modeling of visual field isocontours allowing for better assessment of glaucoma progression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Thus, this study will investigate the spatial distribution of inner retinal changes in eyes with AMD using high spatial resolution SD-OCT techniques based on previously described clustering methods. 26,27 We also aim to validate the use of newly developed age-correction functions 26 for GCL thickness in both normal populations and in AMD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macula Ganglion Cell Thickness Changes Display Location-Specific Variation Patterns in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Trinh

Tong

Yoshioka

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Nivison-Smith L. Macula ganglion cell thickness changes display location-specific variation patterns in intermediate age-related macular degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020;61(3):2. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.61.3.2 PURPOSE.The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) of individuals with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using grid-wise analysis for macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) volume scans. We also aim to validate the use of age-correction functions for GCL thickness in diseased eyes. METHODS.OCT macular cube scans covering 30°× 25°were acquired using Spectralis spectral-domain OCT for 87 eyes with intermediate AMD, 77 age-matched normal eyes, and 254 non-age-matched normal eyes. The thickness of the ganglion cell layer (GCL) was defined after segmentation at 60 locations across an 8 × 8 grid centered on the fovea, where each grid location covered 0.74 mm 2 (approximately 3°× 3°) within the macula. Each GCL location of normal eyes (n = 77) were assigned to a specific iso-ganglion cell density cluster in the macula, based on patterns of age-related GCL thickness loss. Analyses were then performed comparing AMD GCL grid-wise data against corresponding spatial clusters, and significant AMD GCL thickness changes were denoted as values outside the 95% distribution limits. RESULTS.Analysis of GCL thickness changes revealed significant differences between spatial clusters, with thinning toward the fovea, and thickening toward the peripheral macula. The direction of GCL thickness changes in AMD were associated more so with thickening than thinning in all analyses. Results were corroborated by the application of GCL thickness age-correction functions.CONCLUSIONS. GCL thickness changed significantly and nonuniformly within the macula of intermediate AMD eyes. Further characterization of these changes is critical to improve diagnoses and monitoring of GCL-altering pathologies.

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Section: Age-correction Of Gcl Thickness Can Be Applied To Diseased Eyesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gcl Thickness Change In Amd Eyes Based On Age-matched Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macula Ganglion Cell Thickness Changes Display Location-Specific Variation Patterns in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Trinh

Tong

Yoshioka

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Derivation of human retinal cell densities using high‐density, spatially localized optical coherence tomography data from the human retina

Tong

Khou

Trinh

et al. 2023

J of Comparative Neurology

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This study sought to identify demographic variations in retinal thickness measurements from optical coherence tomography (OCT), to enable the calculation of cell density parameters across the neural layers of the healthy human macula. From macular OCTs (n = 247), ganglion cell (GCL), inner nuclear (INL), and inner segment–outer segment (ISOS) layer measurements were extracted using a customized high‐density grid. Variations with age, sex, ethnicity, and refractive error were assessed with multiple linear regression analyses, with age‐related distributions further assessed using hierarchical cluster analysis and regression models. Models were tested on a naïve healthy cohort (n = 40) with Mann–Whitney tests to determine generalizability. Quantitative cell density data were calculated from histological data from previous human studies. Eccentricity‐dependent variations in OCT retinal thickness closely resemble topographic cell density maps from human histological studies. Age was consistently identified as significantly impacting retinal thickness (p = .0006, .0007, and .003 for GCL, INL and ISOS), with gender affecting ISOS only (p < .0001). Regression models demonstrated that age‐related changes in the GCL and INL begin in the 30th decade and were linear for the ISOS. Model testing revealed significant differences in INL and ISOS thickness (p = .0008 and .0001; however, differences fell within the OCT's axial resolution. Qualitative comparisons show close alignment between OCT and histological cell densities when using unique, high‐resolution OCT data, and correction for demographics‐related variability. Overall, this study describes a process to calculate in vivo cell density from OCT for all neural layers of the human retina, providing a framework for basic science and clinical investigations.

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Ability of 24-2C and 24-2 Grids to Identify Central Visual Field Defects and Structure-Function Concordance in Glaucoma and Suspects

Phu¹,

Kalloniatis²

2020

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of the 24-2 test grid with that of the 24-2C test grid to measure visual field global indices, identify central visual field defects, and facilitate macular structure-function analysis with optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans in glaucoma suspects and glaucoma patients.DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional study. METHODS: One eye from each of 100 glaucoma suspects and glaucoma patients (60 undergoing SITA-Faster [Zeiss Meditec] testing on 24-2 and 24-2C; 40 undergoing SITA-Standard [Zeiss Meditec] testing on 24-2 and SITA-Faster on 24-2C) were included in the study. Global visual field indices, test duration, and pattern deviation results were extracted. The deviation map from the Cirrus OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec) Ganglion Cell Analysis (GCA) was extracted, and structure-function relationships were compared after correction of the visual field test stimulus location that stimulated the corresponding retinal ganglion cell.RESULTS: Global index results of the 24-2 grid were similar to those of the 24-2C grid, and both identified a comparable number of clusters of visual field defects. Centrally, the 24-2C grid identified more clusters of defects than the 24-2 grid, but this was not statistically significant. Although the 24-2C test locations resulted in more instances of structure-function concordance than the 24-2 locations, half the locations in the 24-2C grid fell close to or outside the GCA grid when corrected for ganglion cell displacement.CONCLUSIONS: The 24-2C returned global visual field indices similar to the 24-2 grid but tended to identify more clusters of central functional defects. Central structure-function concordance was better achieved using the 24-2C grid, but half of the visual field test loca-Supplemental Material available at AJO.com.

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Development of a Spatial Model of Age-Related Change in the Macular Ganglion Cell Layer to Predict Function From Structural Changes

Cited by 34 publications

References 56 publications

Macula Ganglion Cell Thickness Changes Display Location-Specific Variation Patterns in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Macula Ganglion Cell Thickness Changes Display Location-Specific Variation Patterns in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Derivation of human retinal cell densities using high‐density, spatially localized optical coherence tomography data from the human retina

Ability of 24-2C and 24-2 Grids to Identify Central Visual Field Defects and Structure-Function Concordance in Glaucoma and Suspects

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