Development of a simplified version of the multiple errands test for use in hospital settings

Knight, Caroline; Alderman, Nick; Burgess, Paul W.

doi:10.1080/09602010244000039

Cited by 164 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The degree of correlation was such that roughly 20 to 35% of the variance on certain SET and MET variables could be explained by WCST and/or Trail Making Test performances. Our results are generally consistent with data reported by Knight et al (2002), who found correlations in the .5 to .6 range between the Modified Card Sorting Test percentage Perseverative Errors score and several MET variables (the investigators used a simplified version of the MET).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…For example, it is not clear if damage to the medial orbital and lower medial prefrontal sectors (the region that we have termed the ventromedial prefrontal cortices, or VMPC; see Tranel, Damasio, Denburg, & Bechara, 2005, for a precise description) is typical of patients who fail the SET and MET. In most previous studies, neuroanatomical issues were not addressed at all (e.g., Alderman et al, 2003;Burgess et al, 1998;Duncan et al, 1997;Jelicic et al, 2001;Kafer & Hunter, 1997;Kliegel et al, 2000;Knight et al, 2002;Wilson et al, 1998). Shallice and Burgess (1991) provided brief descriptions of the lesions in their original three cases, but other than mentioning frontal lobe damage, no specific details are provided, and it is not clear whether or not the VMPC was affected by the lesions (for two of these patients, a single computed tomography, CT, cut is provided in the recent review paper of Burgess et al (2006), but this does not clarify whether there is VMPC involvement).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, these tasks (and various modifications) have been utilized by a number of researchers to investigate executive functioning in normals and various patient populations (e.g., Alderman, Burgess, Knight, & Henman, 2003;Channon & Crawford, 1999;Duncan, Johnson, Swales, & Freer, 1997;Goel & Grafman, 2000;Goldstein, Bernard, Fenwick, Burgess, & McNeil, 1993;Jelicic, Henquet, Derix, & Jolles, 2001;Kafer & Hunter, 1997;Kliegel, McDaniel, & Einstein, 2000;Knight, Alderman, & Burgess, 2002;Levine, Dawson, Boutet, Schwartz, & Stuss, 2000a;Levine et al, in press Levine et al, 1998;Wilson et al, 1998), especially with an eye to rehabilitation planning (e.g., Levine et al, 2000b;Manly, Hawkins, Evans, Woldt, & Robertson, 2002). By now, there are consistent findings supporting the conclusion that these tasks are useful to characterize and quantify executive functioning deficits, and Burgess and his colleagues have made a convincing argument that "strategy application" types of task may be superior to traditional clinical neuropsychological tests (e.g., Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, WCST; Tower of London) at probing "real-world" deficits in executive functioning (Burgess et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired behavior on real-world tasks following damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Tranel

Hathaway-Nepple

Anderson

2007

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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Patients with damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortices (VMPC) commonly manifest blatant behavioral navigation defects in the real world, but it has been difficult to measure these impairments in the clinic or laboratory. Using a set of "strategy application" tasks, which were designed by Shallice and Burgess (1991) to be ecologically valid for detecting executive dysfunction, we investigated the hypothesis that VMPC damage would be associated with defective performance on such tasks, whereas damage outside the VMPC region would not. A group of 9 patients with bilateral VMPC damage was contrasted with comparison groups of participants with (a) prefrontal brain damage outside the VMPC region (n=8); (b) nonprefrontal brain damage (n=17); and (c) no brain damage (n=20). We found support for the hypothesis: VMPC patients had more impaired performances on the strategy application tasks, especially on a Multiple Errands Test that required patients to execute a series of unstructured tasks in a real-world setting (shopping mall). The results are consistent with the notion that efficacious behavioral navigation is dependent on the VMPC region. However, the strategy application tasks were relatively time consuming and effortful, and their diagnostic yield over and above conventional executive functioning tests may not be sufficient to warrant their inclusion in standard clinical assessment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired behavior on real-world tasks following damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Tranel

Hathaway-Nepple

Anderson

2007

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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“…But another trajectory has been to develop psychometric tests more obviously related to performance in everyday life, such as the BADS battery Wilson et al, 1998), the various versions of Shallice and Burgess's (1991) Multiple Errands Test (e.g., Dawson et al, 2009;Knight, Alderman, & Burgess, 2002) or naturalistic versions of the Six Element Test (e.g., Manly, Hawkins, Evans, Woldt, & Robertson, 2002). The hope of this strand of test development is that by using tests that have greater representativeness (i.e., are more like "real-world" activities than say, the WCST), when a patient fails the test, it will be easier to predict what problems they would have in everyday life .…”

Section: Representativeness As a Potential Solution To The Question "mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifty Years of Prefrontal Cortex Research: Impact on Assessment

Burgess

Stuss

2017

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Our knowledge of the functions of the prefrontal cortex, often called executive, supervisory, or control, has been transformed over the past 50 years. After operationally defining terms for clarification, we review the impact of advances in functional, structural, and theoretical levels of understanding upon neuropsychological assessment practice as a means of identifying 11 principles/challenges relating to assessment of executive function. Three of these were already known 50 years ago, and 8 have been confirmed or emerged since. Key themes over this period have been the emergence of the use of naturalistic tests to address issues of "ecological validity"; discovery of the complexity of the frontal lobe control system; invention of new tests for clinical use; development of key theoretical frameworks that address the issue of the role of prefrontal cortex systems in the organization of human cognition; the move toward considering brain systems rather than brain regions; the advent of functional neuroimaging, and its emerging integration into clinical practice. Despite these huge advances, however, practicing neuropsychologists are still desperately in need of new ways of measuring executive function. We discuss pathways by which this might happen, including decoupling the two levels of explanation (information processing; brain structure) and integrating very recent technological advances into the neuropsychologist's toolbox. (JINS, 2017, 23, 755-767)

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“…Alternatively, there are real-life assessments of activities of daily living, such as shopping, cooking, or running errands (e.g., Knight, Alderman, & Burgess, 2002;Rempfer, Hamera, Brown, & Cromwell, 2003;Semkovska, Bédard, Godbout, Limoge, & Stip, 2004;Shallice & Burgess, 1991), which emphasize maximum realism at the expense of tying the test to local conditions, such as the availability of suitable shopping opportunities. In between classical office-based tests and reallife assessments lie computer-based simulation tests that provide a certain degree of realism and complexity while maintaining high control over the task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Plan-a-Day Approach to Measuring Planning Ability in Patients with Schizophrenia

Holt

Rodewald

Rentrop

et al. 2011

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Deficits in executive functioning are closely related to the level of everyday functioning in patients with schizophrenia. However, many existing neuropsychological measures are limited in their ability to predict functional outcome. To contribute towards closing this gap, we developed a computer-based test of planning ability (''Plan-a-Day'') that requires participants to create daily activity schedules in a simulated work setting. Eighty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were tested with Plan-a-Day and a battery of cognitive ability tests. Plan-a-Day showed satisfactory psychometric properties in terms of consistency, reliability, and construct validity. Compared to other neuropsychological tests used in this study, it also demonstrated incremental validity with regard to the Global Assessment of Functioning. The Plan-a-Day approach, therefore, seems to represent a valid alternative for measuring planning ability in patients with executive function deficits, occupying a middle ground between traditional neuropsychological tests and real-life assessments. (JINS, 2011, 17, 1-9)

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Development of a simplified version of the multiple errands test for use in hospital settings

Cited by 164 publications

References 21 publications

Impaired behavior on real-world tasks following damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Impaired behavior on real-world tasks following damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Fifty Years of Prefrontal Cortex Research: Impact on Assessment

The Plan-a-Day Approach to Measuring Planning Ability in Patients with Schizophrenia

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