Development of a short and effective shoulder external rotation strength program in handball: A delphi study

Fredriksen, Hilde; Cools, Ann; Myklebust, Grethe

doi:10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.05.005

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Here, the strength of 75% or less compared with the internal rotation strength of the same shoulder may be clinically relevant 4 19. The exercises used in this study were similar to the programme used by previous research and to a recent DELPHI consensus statement 7 21. However, to date, research about specific training programmes to improve external rotation strength is inconclusive about their effectiveness 22 23.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Multicomponent stretching and rubber band strengthening exercises do not reduce overuse shoulder injuries: a cluster randomised controlled trial with 579 handball athletes

Achenbach

Huppertz

Zeman

et al. 2022

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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ObjectivesHandball is associated with a high risk of overuse shoulder injury. This study investigated if an injury prevention programme effectively reduces overuse injury to the throwing shoulder of handball athletes.Methods61 men’s and women’s handball teams (u-19 and senior athletes) were cluster-randomised into an intervention and a control group in the 2019–2020 season. Players of the intervention group regularly carried out an injury prevention programme. Both groups documented overuse shoulder injuries via an online questionnaire every second week. The primary endpoint was the prevalence of overuse injury to the throwing shoulder. Secondary endpoints were the influence of compliance on the primary endpoint and intensity of overuse shoulder symptoms measured by a shortened, handball-specific Western Ontario Shoulder Index (WOSI).Results31 teams (295 players) in the intervention group and 30 teams (284 players) in the control group were included for analyses. The overall questionnaire response rate was 61%. The average prevalence of overuse shoulder injury did not significantly differ between the intervention group (n=109, 38.4% (95% CI 32.9% to 44.2%)) and the control group (n=106, 35.9% (95% CI 30.7% to 41.6%), p=0.542). Compliance with the intervention programme did not significantly affect overuse shoulder injury (p=0.893). Using generalised estimating equations for WOSI, the estimated mean for the intervention group was 44.6 points (95% CI 42.0 to 47.1) and 47.6 points for the control group (95% CI 44.9 to 50.3, p=0.111).ConclusionsA multicomponent exercise programme using rubber bands and stretching did not significantly reduce the prevalence or symptoms of overuse throwing shoulder injury in handball athletes of both sexes. Randomised controlled study; level of evidence I.Trial registration numberISRCTN99023492.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Multicomponent stretching and rubber band strengthening exercises do not reduce overuse shoulder injuries: a cluster randomised controlled trial with 579 handball athletes

Achenbach

Huppertz

Zeman

et al. 2022

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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“…Muscle changes from repetitive use of scapular muscles can affect the scapula's position and increase the risk of shoulder injury 61 . Neuromuscular shoulder injury-prevention exercise programs 62 are specifically designed for throwing athletes to strengthen and condition the shoulder muscles, and to improve throwing mechanics 54 . Therefore, a cricket-specific neuromuscular shoulder injury-prevention exercise program can improve shoulder strength and balance, core stability, and muscle control, consequently allowing female cricket players to achieve maximum performance while minimizing the risk of an injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and incidence of injuries among female cricket players: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Jacobs

Olivier

Dawood

et al. 2021

JBI Evidence Synthesis

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Introduction: Cricket, a bat-and-ball sport, is becoming popular among women of all ages and abilities worldwide.However, cricket participation carries a risk of injury. Injuries negatively affect sport participation, performance, and short-and long-term health and well-being. Injury prevention, therefore, is the key to safe, long-term cricket participation as a physical activity goal. Epidemiological data are needed to underpin evidence-based injuryprevention strategies.Inclusion criteria: Studies reporting incidence and prevalence of injuries in female cricket players of all ages, participating in all levels of play, were included in this review, including studies that report data by sex or by sport. Studies were excluded if they did not have enough data to calculate prevalence or incidence, did not distinguish female injury data from male injury data, focused on athletes participating in other sports, or focused on case studies.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted according to the JBI and PRISMA 2020 guidelines. MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), EBSCO MasterFILE Premier, EBSCO CINAHL Complete, ProQuest Health and Medical Complete, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were systematically searched from inception to August 2021. Additionally, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched. EBSCO MegaFile Premier, OpenGrey (SIGLE), WorldCat, Grey Matters, Grey Literature, and Google Scholar were searched for gray literature. Full-text articles that met the inclusion criteria were critically appraised using tools from JBI, and were extracted and synthesized in narrative summary and tabular format. Three metaanalyses were conducted: injury incidence rates, injury prevalence proportions, and injury incidence proportions. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I 2 statistic and the random-effects model. Results:Of the 7057 studies identified, 4256 were screened after duplicates were removed. A total of 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. Risk of bias was low for 21 studies. The injury incidence rate for elite cricket was 71.9 (SE 21.3, 95% CI 30.2-113.6) injuries per 1000 player hours, time-loss injury incidence rate was 13.3 (SE 4.4, 95% CI 4.6-22.0) injuries per 1000 player hours, and non-time-loss injury incidence rate was 58.5 (SE 16.9, 95% CI 25.6-91.7) injuries per 1000 player hours. The injury prevalence proportion for community to elite cricket was 65.2% (SE 9.3,) and the injury prevalence proportion for community cricket was 60% (SE 4.5, 95% CI 51.1-68.6). The injury incidence proportion for community cricket was 5.6 (SE 4.4, 95% CI 0.1-18.3) injuries per 10,000 participants. Elite cricket players were more frequently injured than community cricket players. The most prevalent body regions injured were the shoulder and knee, and most were sustained by fast bowlers. Injuries to the hand, wrist, and fingers had the highest incidence and were most sustained by fielders.

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“…Round 1 was an open-ended questionnaire, which is considered appropriate to allow guidance for subsequent rounds of a survey [ 23 ]. Similar to other Delphi studies for musculoskeletal disorders [ 27 , 28 ], a list of items (exercises and exercise variables) was developed based on participants’ answers from Round 1, which were then presented for agreement in Round 2. Where participants provided only a small number of exercises, which did not allow adequate progression or increase in difficulty from one stage of a strengthening program to the next, themes from Round 1 were used to provide guidance for extra exercise selection in Round 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a foot and ankle strengthening program for the treatment of plantar heel pain: a Delphi consensus study

Osborne,

Menz,

Whittaker

et al. 2023

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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Background People with plantar heel pain (PHP) have reduced foot and ankle muscle function, strength and size, which is frequently treated by muscle strengthening exercises. However, there has been little investigation of what exercises are used and there is no sound evidence base to guide practice. This study aimed to develop a consensus-driven progressive muscle strengthening program for PHP. Methods Thirty-eight experts were invited to participate in the study over three rounds. Round 1 was an open-ended questionnaire that provided the core characteristics of progressive strengthening programs designed for three different adult patient types with PHP (younger athletic, overweight middle-aged, older), which were presented as vignettes. In Round 2, experts indicated their agreement to the proposed exercises and training variables. In Round 3, experts were presented with amendments to the exercises based on responses from Round 2 and indicated their agreement to those changes. Consensus was achieved when > 70% of experts agreed. Results Two experts were ineligible and 12 declined, leaving 24 (67%) who participated in Round 1. Eighteen (75%) completed all three rounds. From Round 1, progressive strengthening programs were developed for the three vignettes, which included 10 different exercises and three training variables (sets / repetitions, weight, and frequency). In Round 2, 68% (n = 17) of exercises and 96% (n = 72) of training variables reached consensus. In Round 3, only exercise changes were presented and 100% of exercises reached consensus. Conclusions This study provides three progressive strengthening programs agreed to by experts that can be used in future clinical trials to determine the effectiveness of muscle strengthening for PHP. In addition, clinicians could use the programs as part of a rehabilitation strategy with the caveat that they may change as more research is conducted.

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Development of a short and effective shoulder external rotation strength program in handball: A delphi study

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Multicomponent stretching and rubber band strengthening exercises do not reduce overuse shoulder injuries: a cluster randomised controlled trial with 579 handball athletes

Multicomponent stretching and rubber band strengthening exercises do not reduce overuse shoulder injuries: a cluster randomised controlled trial with 579 handball athletes

Prevalence and incidence of injuries among female cricket players: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Development of a foot and ankle strengthening program for the treatment of plantar heel pain: a Delphi consensus study

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