Development of a Rapid and Sensitive SPE-LC-ESI MS/MS Method for the Determination of Chloramphenicol in Seafood

Abstract

A method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the qualitative and quantitative detection of chloramphenicol (CAP) in seafood samples. The analysis of CAP residues in seafood is important because CAP can cause serious acute reactions in humans, including aplastic anemia and leukemia. The proposed methodology includes a cleanup solid-phase extraction procedure with high recovery efficiency (>90%). Chromatographic separation of CAP and the internal standard (IS) was carried out on a C(18) column, followed by mass spectrometric detection using electrospray ionization in the negative-ion mode. The precursor/product ion transitions 321-->257 (CAP) and 354-->290 (IS) were monitored. Statistical evaluation of this multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometric procedure reveals good linearity, accuracy, and inter- and intraday precisions. The limit of detection was 0.1 ng/mL, and the limit of quantification for CAP in seafood samples is 0.02 microg/kg. Application in seafood samples allowed the detection of CAP in low parts per billion levels.

A sensitive method for determination of salvianolic acid A in rat plasma using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

“…The most intense peaks in the MS spectra of SAA and IS were the ions at m/z 493 and 321 corresponding to the deprotonated molecules [M − H] − . The stable fragment ions for SAA and IS were found at m/z 295 and 152 (Gikas et al, 2004), respectively, which were produced by the cleavage of the bond indicated in Fig. 1.…”

Scientific Opinion on Chloramphenicol in food and feed

“…Further clean-up of the extract is carried out using SPE on silica , on a reversed phase polymeric sorbent (Gikas et al, 2004), on C 18 (Gantverg et al, 2003), on a cation exchange sorbent (Xia et al, 2013) or on graphene (Wu et al, 2012). Other methods developed for the determination of chloramphenicol in tissue samples include hexane/chloroform (1:1, v/v) washing to remove fat, followed by MIP extraction and clean-up (Rejthar et al, 2012), ethyl acetate extraction followed by MSPD (Rezende et al, 2012), and homogenisation in buffer followed by IAC (Mackie et al, 2013).…”

Photodegradation of chloromycetin in aqueous solutions: kinetics and influencing factors

“…56-75-7) played an important role as a common drug following its introduction in the 1940s [6] and, although it is now a prohibited drug because of its strong side-effects [7], it is still widely used in animal husbandry and aquaculture [8], creating a wide range of environmental residues. The environmental fate of Cm was summarized by the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) [9] using information collected from the research literature and from the Hazardous Substances Databank, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine's TOXNET.…”

“…This could be the main source of Cm pollution [7][8][9], and must be removed from aqueous environments due to the impending risk of environmental exposure of antibiotics. Advanced oxidation processes such as photochemical oxidation and ozonation have increasingly shown potential for treating PPCPs in water [13,14].…”