Development of a polyaniline-based optical ammonia sensor

Jin, Zhe; Su, Yongxuan; Duan, Yun

doi:10.1016/s0925-4005(00)00636-5

Cited by 234 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The changes in physicochemical properties of PANI occurring in the response to various external stimuli are used in various applications [5][6], e.g., in organic electrodes, sensors, and actuators [7][8][9]. Other uses are based on the combination of electrical properties typical of semiconductors with materials parameters characteristic of polymers, like the development of "plastic" microelectronics [6,10], electrochromic devices [11], tailor-made composite systems [12,13], and "smart" fabrics [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyaniline. Preparation of a conducting polymer(IUPAC Technical Report)

Stejskal

Gilbert

2002

Pure and Applied Chemistry

1,231

569

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Eight persons from five institutions in different countries carried out polymerizations of aniline following the same preparation protocol. In a "standard" procedure, aniline hydrochloride was oxidized with ammonium peroxydisulfate in aqueous medium at ambient temperature. The yield of polyaniline was higher than 90 % in all cases. The electrical conductivity of polyaniline hydrochloride thus prepared was 4.4 ± 1.7 S cm-1 (average of 59 samples), measured at room temperature. A product with defined electrical properties could be obtained in various laboratories by following the same synthetic procedure. The influence of reduced reaction temperature and increased acidity of the polymerization medium on polyaniline conductivity were also addressed. The conductivity changes occurring during the storage of polyaniline were monitored. The density of polyaniline hydrochloride was 1.329 g cm-3. The average conductivity of corresponding polyaniline bases was 1.4 x108 S cm-1, the density being 1.245 g cm-1. Additional changes in the conductivity take place during storage. Aging is more pronounced in powders than in compressed samples. As far as aging effects are concerned, their assessment is relative. The observed reduction in the conductivity by ~10 % after more than one-year storage is large but, compared with the low conductivity of corresponding polyaniline (PANI) base, such a change is negligible. For most applications, an acceptable level of conductivity may be maintained throughout the expected lifetime.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyaniline. Preparation of a conducting polymer(IUPAC Technical Report)

Stejskal

Gilbert

2002

Pure and Applied Chemistry

1,231

569

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“…The changes in physicochemical properties of PANI occurring in response to various external stimuli are used in various applications, 1,2 e.g., in organic electrode, sensors, and actuators. [3][4][5] Other uses are based on the combination of electrical properties typical of semiconductor with materials parameter characteristics of polymer like the development of "plastic" microelectronics, 1,6 electro-chromic devices, 7 tailormade composite system, 8,9 and "smart" fabrics. 10 The establishment of the physical properties of PANI reflecting the condition of preparation is thus of fundamental importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and Charge Transport Properties of Chemically Synthesized Polyaniline-poly(ε-caprolactone) Polymer Films

Basavaraja¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2011

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Conducting polyaniline-poly(ε-caprolactone) polymer composites were synthesized via in situ deposition techniques. By dissolving different weight percentages of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%), the oxidative polymerization of aniline was achieved using ammonium persulfate as an oxidant. FT-IR, UV-vis spectra, and X-ray diffraction studies support a strong interaction between polyaniline (PANI) and PCL. Structural morphology of the PANI-PCL polymer composites was studied using scanned electron microscopy (SEM) and transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), and thermal stability was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) technique. The temperature-dependent DC conductivity of PANI-PCL polymer composite films was studied in the range of 305-475 K, which revealed a semiconducting behavior in the transport properties of the polymer films. Conductivity increased with the increase of PCL in below critical level, however conductivity of the polymer film was decreased with increase of PCL concentration higher than the critical value.

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“…This is widely used to detect acidic and basic gases. When exposed to ammonia gas, PANI undergoes de-doping by deprotonation [51][52][53]. Indeed, the protons on -NH-groups of PANI are transferred to ammonia molecules to form ammonium ions while PANI itself turns into its base form.…”

Section: Response Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Sensors Based on Electrodeposited Polymers

Lakard

Carquigny

Segut

et al. 2015

Metals

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Electrochemically deposited polymers, also called "synthetic metals", have emerged as potential candidates for chemical sensing due to their interesting and tunable chemical, electrical, and structural properties. In particular, most of these polymers (including polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene) and their derivatives can be used as the sensitive layer of conductimetric gas sensors because of their conducting properties. An important advantage of polymer-based gas sensors is their efficiency at room temperature. This characteristic is interesting since most of the commercially-available sensors, usually based on metal oxides, work at high temperatures (300-400 °C). Consequently, polymer-based gas sensors are playing a growing role in the improvement of public health and environment control because they can lead to gas sensors operating with rapid detection, high sensitivity, small size, and specificity in atmospheric conditions. In this review, the recent advances in electrodeposited polymer-based gas sensors are summarized and discussed. It is shown that the sensing characteristics of electrodeposited polymers can be improved by chemical functionalization, nanostructuration, or mixing with other functional materials to form composites or hybrid materials. OPEN ACCESSMetals 2015, 5 1372

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Development of a polyaniline-based optical ammonia sensor

Cited by 234 publications

References 13 publications

Polyaniline. Preparation of a conducting polymer(IUPAC Technical Report)

Polyaniline. Preparation of a conducting polymer(IUPAC Technical Report)

Morphology and Charge Transport Properties of Chemically Synthesized Polyaniline-poly(ε-caprolactone) Polymer Films

Gas Sensors Based on Electrodeposited Polymers

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