Development of a parent-reported screening tool for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID): Initial validation and prevalence in 4-7-year-old Japanese children

Dinkler, Lisa; Yasumitsu‐Lovell, Kahoko; Eitoku, Masamitsu; Fujieda, Mikiya; Suganuma, Narufumi; Hatakenaka, Yuhei; Hadjikhani, Nouchine; Bryant‐Waugh, Rachel; Råstam, Maria; Gillberg, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2021.105735

Cited by 31 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…Our ARFID prevalence (28%) is higher than reported in a general population of 4–7-year old children (1.3%) ( 53 ) and school-aged children (0.3–5.5%) ( 49 , 50 , 52 ). However, there is to our knowledge, no previously reported estimates of ARFID prevalence in preschool children with ASD based on clinical assessments.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…The prevalence of ARFID in the general child population is not yet fully known. There have been a few population-based studies, based on self-or parent-reports, presenting heterogeneous results, ranging from 0.3 to 5.5% (49)(50)(51)(52)(53) with one outlier reporting 15.5% (51). Since ARFID was introduced in the DSM-5, it has emerged that there are still difficulties in clinical work and research to find common definitions for the diagnostic criteria (e.g., how is weight loss or failure to achieve appropriate weight gain defined in children of different ages).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding Problems Including Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Multiethnic Population

Nygren

Linnsand

Hermansson³

et al. 2021

Front. Pediatr.

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We examined feeding problems, including Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), in preschool children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Data were collected from a prospective longitudinal study of 46 children with ASD in a multiethnic, low resource area in Gothenburg, Sweden. Feeding problems were found in 76% of the children with ASD, and in 28%, the criteria for ARFID were met. The study highlights early onset age, the heterogeneity of feeding problems, and the need for multidisciplinary assessments in ASD as well as in feeding problems, and also the need for further elaboration of feeding disorder classifications in children.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding Problems Including Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Multiethnic Population

Nygren

Linnsand

Hermansson³

et al. 2021

Front. Pediatr.

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“…The exact prevalence of ARFID in the general population is unknown, but likely lies in the range of 0.5–5%, both in children [ 5 – 8 ] and adults [ 9 – 12 ]. Prevalence estimates from clinical eating disorder (ED) populations range from 1.5 to 64% [ 13 – 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to most other EDs, males seem to be almost as frequently affected by ARFID as females [ 5 , 6 , 11 , 12 ]. In studies from child and adolescent ED programs, males account for 20–35% of ARFID cases [ 14 , 16 , 17 , 19 – 21 ], while 35–68% of children in paediatric feeding disorder programs are male (median age: 2–4 years).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How genetic analysis may contribute to the understanding of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)

et al. 2022

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Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) was introduced in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Unlike anorexia nervosa, ARFID is characterised by avoidant or restricted food intake that is not driven by weight or body shape-related concerns. As with other eating disorders, it is expected that ARFID will have a significant genetic risk component; however, sufficiently large-scale genetic investigations are yet to be performed in this group of patients. This narrative review considers the current literature on the diagnosis, presentation, and course of ARFID, including evidence for different presentations, and identifies fundamental questions about how ARFID might fit into the fluid landscape of other eating and mental disorders. In the absence of large ARFID GWAS, we consider genetic research on related conditions to point to possible features or mechanisms relevant to future ARFID investigations, and discuss the theoretical and clinical implications an ARFID GWAS. An argument for a collaborative approach to recruit ARFID participants for genome-wide association study is presented, as understanding the underlying genomic architecture of ARFID will be a key step in clarifying the biological mechanisms involved, and the development of interventions and treatments for this serious, and often debilitating disorder.

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“…This significant discrepancy in the results is primarily due to the fact that the research involved both groups of previously undiagnosed people and people with various diagnoses, including mental disorders and somatic diseases. Reviews of medical charts after 2013 have found that 8–22% of children and adolescents seen as inpatients and outpatients at pediatric hospitals are diagnosed with ARFID [ 32 , 33 ]. The limited data from community samples of children in Japan, France, and Switzerland suggests an ARFID prevalence between 1–3.5% [ 30 , 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Polish Version of the Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Questionnaire—Parents Report (ARFID-Q-PR) and the Nine Items Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen—Parents Report (NIAS-PR): Maternal Perspective

et al. 2022

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The aim of the present study was to develop and validate the Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Questionnaire—Parents Report (ARFID-Q-PR), a new tool to diagnose ARFID, based on a report submitted by Polish mothers of children aged 2 to 10 years. In total, 167 mothers of boys and girls aged 2 to 10 participated in the study. We used the ARFID-Q-PR and the Nine Items Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen—Parents Report (NIAS-PR). In addition, all mothers were asked to provide information on age, sex, height and weight, chronic somatic diseases, neurodevelopmental and mental disorders as well as intellectual disability of their children. Results of the reliability analysis demonstrated that the ARFID-Q-PR had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.84). The stability of the ARFID-Q-PR factorial structure was confirmed. It is composed of three subscales: (1) attitudes to food; (2) justification for restrictions; (3) somatic symptoms. Our findings demonstrated that the ARFID-Q-PR total score was positively associated with the NIAS-PR total score. In addition, children with developmental and mental disorders substantially demonstrated more ARFID symptoms than did the children in the general population. The Polish version ARFID-Q-PR can be used to recognize the ARFID symptoms in young children by the main feeder in the family—mother or father.

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Development of a parent-reported screening tool for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID): Initial validation and prevalence in 4-7-year-old Japanese children

Cited by 31 publications

References 50 publications

Feeding Problems Including Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Multiethnic Population

Feeding Problems Including Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Multiethnic Population

How genetic analysis may contribute to the understanding of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)

The Polish Version of the Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Questionnaire—Parents Report (ARFID-Q-PR) and the Nine Items Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen—Parents Report (NIAS-PR): Maternal Perspective

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