Development of a monitoring tape for phosgene in air

Nakano, Nobuo; Yamamoto, Akihiro; Kobayashi, Yoshio; Nagashima, Kunio

doi:10.1016/0039-9140(95)01467-p

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Over the past decades, several on‐site detection methods for phosgene agents have been established, including mobile gas chromatography, ion mobility spectrometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, especially fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and electrochemical methods . Although these methods are simple, sensitive and easy‐to‐use, they still have some disadvantages or inconvenience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On‐site detection of phosgene agents by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with a chemical transformation approach

Gao

Zhu

et al. 2015

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Phosgene and its analogs are greatly harmful to the public health, environmental safety and homeland security as widely used industrial substances with extremely high toxicity. In order to rapidly evaluate the emergency risk caused by these chemicals, a new highly sensitive method based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique for measurement of phosgene agents was developed for the first time. Coupled with a chemical transformation approach, the highly toxic phosgene was conveniently converted to a SERS-sensitive probe, i.e. iodine (I 2 ), with low toxicity or non-toxicity. The characteristic SERS peak in 459 cm À1 was used for quantitation and was presumed as a formation of triiodide anion (I 3 À ), which was induced in an iodide (I À )-aggregation Au NPs system. The total measurement can be completed in~20 min with the limits of detection of~60 μg/l (phosgene) and~30 μg/l (diphosgene), respectively, on a portable Raman spectrometer. This work is the first report of SERS measurement on phosgene and diphosgene in a quantitative level. This method is expected to meet the requirements of on-site detection of phosgene agents, promote emergency responses and raise more opportunities for the portable SERS applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On‐site detection of phosgene agents by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with a chemical transformation approach

Gao

Zhu

et al. 2015

J Raman Spectroscopy

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“…Two kinds of indicator paper are found in the market which either contains chromogenic organic reagents or immobilized enzymes. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Enzymes could be advantageously the best biological element used to impart an increased functionality to paper used for applications like packaging, filtration and personnel protection for the detection and/or deactivation of harmful substances present in food or water. An essential requirement for the fabrication of stable and sensitive bioactive paper based on enzyme immobilization is the loading of high amounts of enzymes with complete retention of their specific activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confocal microscopy study of polymer microcapsules for enzyme immobilisation in paper substrates

Kouisni

Rochefort

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The goal of this research is to develop the technology platform required for the production of bioactive paper based on enzymes as bioactive agents. The immobilization platform described here is based on microencapsulation, which consists in the entrapment of biomolecules in the core of hollow spheres made by a semipermeable membrane. The capsules containing the enzymes can be either deposited on paper or mixed with paper pulp to prepare a bioactive paper. The activity of encapsulated laccase was compared with that of free enzyme using its reaction with the o-phenylenediamine (OPD) substrate. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) is used to study the location of protein in microcapsules and provides explanations for differences in activity of encapsulated laccase. The location of protein in microcapsules was determined using BSA modified with the fluorescent tag sulforhodamine. Polyethyleneimine microcapsules were modified with fluorescein isothiocyanate allowing the simultaneous identification of capsule walls and of encapsulated proteins. From CLSM analysis, proteins were found to favor the wall of the capsules because of strong ionic attraction with the charged polymer. BSA was found to some extent in the core of the capsules and encapsulation of higher loadings increased the proportion of core proteins. We will also present our results on the incorporation of microcapsules in a paper substrate. CLSM was used in this section to determine the distribution and density of tagged microcapsules in the paper substrate. The response of immobilized laccase to a common substrate will also be described.

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“…Electrochemical methods have also met with considerable success . Colorimetric methods are not far behind either. However, the fluorescence method has proven unlike any other by dint of its impressive sensitivity, operational ease, and of course, low cost .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Powerful Turn‐On Fluorescent Probe for Phosgene: A Primary Amide Strategically Attached to an Anthracene Fluorophore

2019

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We report here the application of a robust, selective primary amide moiety appended to a fluorescence signalling entity‐ anthracene, the sensing platform, 9‐AM with a view to fluorescent chemosensing of hazardous phosgene gas. The impressively fast (reaction time<1.5 min) detection of phosgene was achieved through the dehydration of the primary amide functionality to a nitrile group. A low detection limit of 5.56 nm ensures applicability of the probe for sensing of minute levels of phosgene well below prescribed safe limits. In addition, TLC sticks impregnated with the probe function as efficient gas phase phosgene sensors with real‐time applicability.

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Development of a monitoring tape for phosgene in air

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

On‐site detection of phosgene agents by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with a chemical transformation approach

On‐site detection of phosgene agents by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with a chemical transformation approach

Confocal microscopy study of polymer microcapsules for enzyme immobilisation in paper substrates

A Powerful Turn‐On Fluorescent Probe for Phosgene: A Primary Amide Strategically Attached to an Anthracene Fluorophore

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