Development of a local three-dimensional numerical simulation model for the laser forming process of aluminium components

FEM Simulation of the Bending Angle During the Laser Forming of FGM Plates

“…We combine the mechanical-thermal properties of these two materials with regard to the structure of FGM material [16,17]. According to the law of the change in the properties of FGM material in line with the plate thickness, the subroutine for the application of matter specifications (VUMAT) is used to define matter.…”

Microstructure modifications induced by a laser surface treatment in an AA7449 aluminium alloy

“…The temperature evolution was computed using a laser beam heat flux model such as presented in [15]. For the finite element model, the specimen was meshed with SHELL131 elements of the ANSYS code.…”

“…A third technique, which has received less attention, is Laser Beam Forming, which uses the laser operation as a tool for modifying the component shape, by the plastic flow that follows the non-uniform thermal dilatation of the material [11][12][13][14][15]. Such treatments, where the material stays in the solid state, provide an attractive solution for correcting the distortion of aerospace com- * Corresponding author.…”

“…The temperature field induced by such laser treatments has been modelled by Hu and co-workers [13] and Ji and Wu [11]. More recently, Labeas [15] has included the mechanical response of the material to reach a thermo-mechanical description of the process. However there is little evaluation in the literature of the effect that this laser treatment may have on the alloy's fine scale microstructure, and on the related in-use properties.…”

Residual stress characteristics of butt-welded flange by finite element analysis

“…According to the energy conservation principle, the transient matrix equation is given as follows [8][9]:…”