Development of a complete set of disomic rape-radish chromosome-addition lines

Abstract

After crosses of multiple rape-radish chromosome additions with rape, nine diVerent monosomic additions (2n = 4x = 38 + 1) of individual radish chromosomes, a-i, were isolated, having the genomic background of winter oil seed rape and radish cytoplasm. Extra chromosomes were identiWed with RAPD markers, speciWc for individual radish chromosomes. All radish-plasmic monosomic additions, except that of chromosome f, had low seed production due to pistilloid stamens. Rape cytoplasm was substituted by crossing the monosomic additions as pollinators to rape followed by reselection of the radish chromosome additions. The monosomic additions in rape cytoplasm showed normal male fertility. Average transmission rates of radish chromosomes via egg cells and pollen cells were 37% and 27%, respectively. Lowest male transmission was found for chromosomes e and f with 0.04 and 0.01. Monosomic additions were self-pollinated to produce disomic additions. Monosomic and disomic addition progenies were discriminated by a prescreening with quantitative double primer (dp) RAPDs and cytological conWrmation of preselected candidates by FISH analysis using a Raphanus-speciWc probe. Usability of this complete set of nine disomic rape-radish additions (2n = 4x = 38 + 2) was discussed.

Production and characterization of Brassica napus-Raphanus sativus monosomic addition lines mediated by the synthetic amphidiploid "Raphanobrassica"

“…Therefore, it was suggested that the male sterility observed in this study was induced by the radish cytoplasm but not by the aberrancy in chromosome configuration at meiosis, and the fertility restoring gene(s) for male sterility may be located on the a-chromosome of radish. It was also assumed that the a-type in this study and the f-type in previous study by Budahn et al (2008) would be having the same chromosome of radish. Therefore, comparative studies of these two strains of B. napus-R. sativus MAL may provide further information to understand the restore gene(s) for cytoplasmic male sterility in radish.…”

“…Investigation of morphological and physiological traits of alloplasmic and autoplasmic MALs and comparative studies of these MALs may be useful not only for analysis of gene(s) located on each chromosome, but also for analysis the interrelationship between cytoplasm and chromosomes of donor plant (Budahn et al 2008). In alloplasmic line carrying the cytoplasm of radish, all of 8 types except for a-type produced the malformed flowers such as antherless or petaloid flowers and those with stunted petals (Fig.…”

“…Bang et al (2002) reported that some types (a, b, c, d, e, f, k and l) in the R. sativus-M. arvensis MAL (2n = 19) restored male fertility, ranging from 3.4% to 85.6% in alloplasmic (Moricandia cytoplasm) radish. Budahn et al (2008) also reported that only one type (designated as "ftype" in their terminology) in the alloplasmic (radish cytoplasm) B. napus-R. sativus MAL maintained male fertility. In this study, only the a-type in the alloplasmic (radish cytoplasm) MAL showed normal flowers and restored pollen fertility (88.0%, Fig.…”

“…These MALs have been also analyzed to locate the agronomic traits and gene(s) on the added chromosome (Zhu et al 1993, Chévre et al 1996, Kaneko et al 1996, Chen et al 1997, Peterka et al 2004, Bang et al 2009). However, only a few studies report the production of alloplasmic and autoplasmic MALs with the same nuclear background (Budahn et al 2008, Bang et al 2009.…”

“…Recently, Budahn et al (2008) reported the production of alloplasmic and autoplasmic B. napus-R. sativus MALs with radish and rape cytoplasms, respectively. However, no detailed genetic analyses have been performed to characterize each type of these two MALs.…”