Development of a combined storage medium for 7‐day storage of platelet concentrates and 42‐day storage of red cell concentrates

Abstract

Studies were carried out to examine whether a single additive solution could support both platelet and red cell storage. An ionically balanced electrolyte solution fortified with citrate, glucose and bicarbonate was used. This solution has previously been shown to provide good platelet viability with storage for up to 7 d. Optimization studies demonstrated that with adenine added to this solution (CSM), it also allowed for satisfactory preservation of in vitro red cell parameters for up to 49 d of storage. Confirmatory paired in vivo post-transfusion studies were carried out in which platelets and red cells obtained from the same donor were processed and stored in CSM on one occasion, and in CPD-plasma (platelets) and AS-1 (red cells) on another occasion. Five paired studies were conducted with platelets stored for 5 d and red cells for 42 d; another five paired studies with platelets stored for 7 d and red cells for 49 d. Except for a slight decrease in platelet survival (P less than 0.05) with storage in CSM, there were no statistically significant differences in post-transfusion recoveries and survivals between test and control media, demonstrating that both platelets and red cells may be satisfactorily stored in a combined single additive solution.

The quality of platelets after storage for 7 days

“…However, the latter study used a different storage pack for PCs stored at day 7. Other studies have tended to show a decrease in recovery and survival after 7 days of storage compared with 5 days of storage (Heaton et al ., 1990; Holme et al ., 1990). In PCs collected by apheresis techniques, two studies have shown average decreases in recovery of 15–30% and survival of 15–20% when stored for 7 days compared with when stored for 5 days (Slichter et al ., 2001; Dumont et al ., 2002).…”

“…The same group showed that there was a decrease in recovery and survival with increasing length of storage but that recovery and survival were higher in PCs stored in synthetic media (Holme et al ., 1990). However, one study has shown similar platelet recovery, but significantly lower platelet survival, in PCs stored in a novel additive solution, compared with plasma after 5 or 7 days of storage (Heaton et al ., 1990). Using an alternative PAS, Murphy et al .…”

In vitro platelet ageing at 22°C is reduced compared to in vivo ageing at 3 7°C

“…Twenty volunteers participated in this study. Each donor donated a unit of whole blood, and CPD-anticoagulated platelet concentrates (PC) were prepared as described previously (Holme et al, 1990). The PC were stored in second-generation gas-permeable platelet containers for 5 d at 22°C.…”

“…Different groups of donors were used for different storage intervals. Survival data from previously conducted studies were utilized for comparison (Holme et al, 1987(Holme et al, , 1990(Holme et al, , 1993. In some cases whole blood units were collected into standard CP2D anticoagulant (Miles Inc., Covina, Calif.).…”

“…Studies have shown that platelet in vivo per cent recovery and survival decreases with increasing storage time at 22°C (Holme et al, 1990;Murphy, 1985). However, when in vitro storage duration and in vivo life-span are added, the total exceeds the normal in vivo life-span, suggesting that the rate of loss of platelet viability at 22°C in vitro is slower than that at 37°C in vivo (Holme et al, 1990). This study investigates, quantitatively, what degree of loss in platelet viability takes place during in vitro storage at 22°C as compared to in vivo ageing at 37°C.…”