Development of a 60 Hz Power Standard Using SNS Programmable Josephson Voltage Standards

Differential Sampling Measurement of a 7 V RMS Sine Wave With a Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard

“…1). Other measurement methods that directly apply synthesized waveforms from the PJVS [12]- [14] are limited to applications with high-impedance loads, and the stepwiseapproximated waveforms contain harmonics that significantly contribute to the total RMS voltage [15]. The advantage of the differential sampling method is that the output of the sine-wave source can be used directly to drive low-impedance loads [16].…”

Josephson Junctions for Present and Next Generation Voltage Metrology

“…Programmable Josephson arrays are so far the most successful attempt to extend metrological applications of Josephson standards beyond dc. Programmable arrays operating at 1 V have been effectively used for several applications: as traveling standards for international comparisons [6], for generating precisely varying voltages in a watt balance [7], as quantum impedance and power standards [8]. Moreover, only programmable standards can presently provide output voltages up and above 1 V, and even exceeding 10 V [9].…”

Design of the NIST 10 V Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard system

“…Stepwise ac metrology with PJVS systems has been most successfully implemented through the use of digital sampling techniques [13][14], with the best uncertainties achieved at frequencies of 50 Hz to 60 Hz, for power applications [15][16]. Recent research efforts and specialized measurement methods suggest that useful stepwise-ac voltage measurement techniques may be extended up to audio frequencies.…”