Development of 3D in vitro platform technology to engineer mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

This study aims to develop a three-dimensional in vitro culture system to genetically engineer mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to express bone morphogenic protein-2. We employed nanofabrication technologies borrowed from the spinning industry, such as electrospinning, to mass-produce identical building blocks in a variety of shapes and sizes to fabricate electrospun nanofiber sheets comprised of composites of poly (glycolic acid) and collagen. Homogenous nanoparticles of cationic biodegradable natural polymer were formed by simple mixing of an aqueous solution of plasmid DNA encoded bone morphogenic protein-2 with the same volume of cationic polysaccharide, dextran-spermine. Rat bone marrow MSC were cultured on electrospun nanofiber sheets comprised of composites of poly (glycolic acid) and collagen prior to the incorporation of the nanoparticles into the nanofiber sheets. Bone morphogenic protein-2 was significantly detected in MSC cultured on nanofiber sheets incorporated with nanoparticles after 2 days compared with MSC cultured on nanofiber sheets incorporated with naked plasmid DNA. We conclude that the incorporation of nanoparticles into nanofiber sheets is a very promising strategy to genetically engineer MSC and can be used for further applications in regenerative medicine therapy.

Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in a Novel Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffold

“…BDHA and CHA scaffold exhibited significant cell proliferation than monolayer due to the fact that the surface area of the 2D monolayer limits the cell proliferation while the 3D scaffolds produce a larger surface area providing favorable environment for cell expansion. This finding appears to corroborate with a study conducted by Hosseinkhani and coworkers where 3D collagen-PGA nanofiber sheets significantly increased the cell number compared with static 2D culture method [30,31].…”

Cytotoxicity evaluation of carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles in melanoma cells and dermal fibroblasts

“…In recent years, a number of magnetic nanosystems composing of multifunctional nanoparticles harboring various functions including targeting, imaging, stem cell labeling and tracking have been intensively studied aiming to overcome some limitations associated with conventional cancer diagnosis and therapy (Berman et al 2011; Hosseinkhani et al 2012; Miele et al 2012). This strategy was addressed the “find, fight, and follow” concept of early diagnosis, therapy, and therapy control, sometimes also known as “theranostics” (Xie et al 2010; Liu et al 2010; Pan et al 2009).…”

Preparation and characterization of polylactide/poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) hybrid fibers for potential application in bone tissue engineering

“…3,[34][35][36] MSCs have attracted a great deal of interest because they are one of the potential cell sources for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, can be transplanted across major histocompatibility complex barriers without the need for immune suppression, and are not subject to the ethical considerations of embryonic stem cells. 37,38 In order to search for easily accessible sources of multipotent MSCs, various groups have looked into cells from different tissues, including bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, mobilized peripheral blood, and adipose tissues.…”

“…37,38 In order to search for easily accessible sources of multipotent MSCs, various groups have looked into cells from different tissues, including bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, mobilized peripheral blood, and adipose tissues. 35,37,39 MSCs derived from such tissues have many disadvantages however, including insufficient supply of stem cells, decreased proliferation and differentiation capacity with age, and development of tumors after stem cell transplantation. 40 Recently, human placenta-derived MSCs (hPMSCs) have been discovered as a new source of stem cells.…”