Development, Implementation, and User Evaluation of COVID-19 Dashboard in a Third-Level Hospital in Iran

Abstract

Introduction The implementation of a dashboard enables managers to make informed and evidence-based decisions through data visualization and graphical presentation of information. This study aimed to design and implement a COVID-19 management dashboard in a third-level hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Materials and Methods This descriptive developmental applied study was conducted in the second half of 2020 in three stages, using user-centered design methodology in four phases: (1) specification of the application context, (2) specification of requirements, (3) creation of design solutions, and (4) evaluation of designs. Data collection in each phase was performed through holding group discussions with the main users, nominal group techniques, interviews, and questioners. The dashboard prototype for the data display was designed using the Power BI Desktop software. Subsequently, users' comments were obtained using the focus group method and included in the dashboard. Results In total, 25 indicators related to input, process, and output areas were identified based on the findings of the first stage. Moreover, eight items were introduced by participants as dashboard requirements. The dashboard was developed based on users' feedback and suggestions, such as the use of colors, reception of periodic and specific reports based on key performance indicators, and rearrangement of the components visible on the page. The result of the user satisfaction survey indicated their satisfaction with the developed dashboard. Conclusion The selection of proper criteria for the implementation of an effective dashboard is critical for the health care organization since they are designed with a high-tech and content-based environment. The dashboard in the present study was a successful combination of clinical and managerial indicators. Future studies should focus on the design and development of dashboards, as well as benchmarking by using data from several hospitals.

Dashboard Design to Identify and Balance Competing Risk of Multiple Hospital-Acquired Conditions

“…8,29 Dashboard tools are increasingly used to support clinical decisions. 14,25 Tools that display data across a time spectrum during hospitalization can be helpful in providing a larger understanding of the patient's interrelated clinical needs. 30 The proof of concept design to better understand MHAC explored in this study suggested clinicians value dashboards that are visually easy to interpret.…”

“…12 Goals of clinical decision support tools are to increase patient safety, quality, and efficiency of care, patient engagement, care coordination, interprofessional communication, and improve clinician efficiency. [12][13][14] The most commonly cited frustrations reported by clinicians with EHR use are poor workflow designs, navigation to multiple screens, and alert fatigue. 12,13,15 In principle, dashboards provide data visualization to facilitate clinician decisions.…”

“…12,13,15 In principle, dashboards provide data visualization to facilitate clinician decisions. 14 There is a lack of development and evaluation of dashboard tools that clinicians could use to monitor and manage competing risks of MHACs to reduce patient harm. 10,11 Understanding tradeoffs related to the clinical assessment and interventions focused on the prevention of one condition without considering the entire clinical context for each HAC risk for a patient presents an opportunity to understand how a dashboard might inform clinicians' understanding of risks of MHACs related to competing intervention strategies.…”

Business Intelligence no apoio à gestão estratégica em saúde: um relato de experiência

“…The "COVID-19 Panel", widely viewed since 2020, is based on this tool and allowed managers agility in combating the disease and optimizing resources. 9,10 A disadvantage of Power BI is the difficulty of programming the databases. However, training, even virtual training, can solve this issue.…”

The Development of a Dashboard to the Emergency Department during COVID-19

“…(4,5). In such circumstances, the optimal management of resources and workforce is one of the most critical responsibilities of hospital managers, who also need access to up-to-date evidence about patients and available resources (6)(7)(8)(9). This is the case especially in EDs where information systems are needed to support communication and care coordination (10).…”