Development History and Postcolonial African Experience

Unpacking Decades of Multi-Scale Events and Environment-Based Development in the Senegalese Sahel: Lessons and Perspectives for the Future

“…To frame environment-based development, we first constituted and compiled a list of key references. This initial literature review gathered references with different scales of analysis (global, Sahel, Senegal, and Ferlo), with particular attention paid to development studies in southern countries [8,9,[11][12][13][14][35][36][37] and sustainable development and/or environmental based development [10,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. Given the study area, this review included literature on conservation issues [4,26,[46][47][48], desertification in the Sahel [5,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56], actions of reforestation and environmental restoration [27,[31][32][33][34][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64], issues around livestock and development dynamics [19,…”

“…These projects were selected because they (i) represent significant financial investment on behalf of the Senegalese government, (ii) operate in overlapping areas, (iii) have similar objectives and actions, and (iv) produced detailed reports. Based on a common interview guide, a total number of 32 semi-structured interviews with various stakeholders including national and local project coordinators and/or local natural resource (NR) managers (14), local authorities (10), project beneficiaries (6), and NGO members (2) were carried out in May 2017 and April 2018 (including 15 interviews in French, and with a translator: 15 in Puular and 2 in Wolof). Questions pertained to major themes including knowledge about development projects in the area (from a general point of view, or about a specific project and the way it was linked or not with other projects), local and historical context (especially linked with climatic issues, mainly droughts), pastoralism, and borehole issues.…”

“…Land 2021, 10,755 Since their independence, many Sahelian countries have invested massively in their own national development programs and projects, while nonetheless still remaining target countries of the international development agenda [14]. In this paper, we define a development project as a temporary organization with human, technical, or financial means to meet its own objectives over a given period of time, a development program being a set of projects with similar objectives [15].…”