“…The literature review confirms the existence of correlations between TQM factors and financial performance, which constitute the basis for formulating the following research hypothesis. First, several studies have shown that Top Management Leadership (TML) is a significant method in effectively implementing TQM and enhancing business performance (Prajogo and Browln, 2004;Barker and Emery, 2006;and Gözükara et al, 2019). TM demonstrates its commitment to TQM by assuming responsibility for quality leadership through the procurement of resources needed to implement TQM activities (Kaynak and Hartley, 2007;Zu, 2009;Elshaer and Augustyn, 2016) and quality preparation (Marta et al, 2005).TML serves as a catalyst for TQM implementation by developing priorities, strategies, principles, and frameworks to meet the requirements of consumers and other stakeholders to enhance business performance (Sila and Ebrahimpour, 2005;Tari et al, 2007;Augustyn et al, 2019).Several empirical studies in this context found positive effects of TML on other TQM practices such as CF (Kristianto et al, 2013), EM (; Zelnik et al, 2012), SM (Tari et al, 2007), QD&R (Lakhal et al, 2006;Augustyn et al, 2019), and PM (Flynn et al, 1995;Sila and Ebrahimpour, 2005;Kaynak, 2003;Lakhal et al, 2006;Augustyn et al, 2019).…”