Development and validation of a theoretical model for diesel spray penetration

Desantes, J.M.; Payri, Raúl; Salvador, Francisco; Gil, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2005.10.023

Cited by 172 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…where K is an universal constant with a value of 1.26 [24]. Thus, as the momentum flux is similar for the three fuels, a narrower spray cone angle implies a higher tip penetration.…”

Section: Spray Visualizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of using biodiesel on the injection and air–fuel mixing processes in diesel engines

Salvador

Ruíz

Salavert

et al. 2012

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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A study of the injection process and spray behavior has been made for three different fuels. In particular, blends of rapeseed methyl ester (RME) with standard diesel fuel at 5% and 30% of biodiesel have been used for the current study, as well as pure RME.Hydraulic characterization of an 8-hole nozzle has been carried out using these three fuels, in order to explore and analyze the influence of fuel properties on mass flow rate and momentum flux at the nozzle exit. Additionally, spray visualization tests have been made in order to get information about spray cone angle, which allows the characterization of air-fuel mixing process. Finally, a theoretical derivation has been used to obtain further details of the microscopic characteristics of the spray and compare air-fuel mixing efficiency for the different biodiesel blends.

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“…where K is an universal constant with a value of 1.26 [24]. Thus, as the momentum flux is similar for the three fuels, a narrower spray cone angle implies a higher tip penetration.…”

Section: Spray Visualizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of using biodiesel on the injection and air–fuel mixing processes in diesel engines

Salvador

Ruíz

Salavert

et al. 2012

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…It also suggested that the effect on the spray mixture formation was stronger with increasing the density and viscosity of biodiesel. Desantes et al [24] established a model predicting the spray axis velocity and spray tip penetration with a series of assumptions. It was based on momentum flux conservation along the axis, and the model was validated by experimental results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on the Macroscopic Spray Characteristics of Biodiesel and Diesel in a Constant Volume Chamber

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The objective of this study was to investigate the macroscopic spray characteristics of different 0%-100% blends of biodiesel derived from drainage oil and diesel (BD0, BD20, BD50, BD80, BD100), such as spray tip penetration, average tip velocity at penetration, spray angle, average spray angle, spray evolution process, spray area and spray volume under different injection pressures (60, 70, 80, 90, 100 MPa) and ambient pressures (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 MPa) using a common rail system equipped with a constant volume chamber. The characteristic data was extracted from spray images grabbed by a high speed visualization system. The results showed that the ambient pressure and injection pressure had significant effects on the spray characteristics. As the ambient pressure increased, the spray angle increased, while the spray tip penetration and the peak of average tip velocity decreased. As the injection pressure increased, the spray tip penetration, spray angle, spray area and spray volume increased. The increasing blend ratio of biodiesel brought about a shorter spray tip penetration and a smaller spray angle compared with those of diesel. This is due to the comparatively higher viscosity and surface tension of biodiesel, which enhanced the friction effect between fuel and the injector nozzle surface and inhibited the breakup of the liquid jet.

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“…the jet's "centerline". There are some models [5,3,17,18,13] which apply Gaussian velocity distributions as initial assumptions; however, this calculation will be included in a later work since we anticipate that it would not lead to a major refinement of the axial centreline quantities.…”

Section: Density Of the Two-phase Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notwithstanding, several such models have been attempted to describe different aspects of the jets in this regime. For example, differential equations for a fuel jet's tip penetration distance as a function of time [1,2,3]; models for the gas entrainment rate in a full-cone spray [4]; and a one-dimensional model for the induced air velocity in sprays [5]. None of these models is sufficient by itself as explained below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical models for turbulent round jets based on “ideal” and “lossy” conservation of mass and energy

Franco

Fukumoto

2017

Proceedings ILASS–Europe 2017. 28th Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems

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We propose mathematical models for turbulent round atomized liquid jets that describe its dynamics in a simple but comprehensive manner with the apex angle of the cone being the main disposable parameter. The basic assumptions are that (i) the jet is statistically stationary and that (ii) it can be approximated by a mixture of two fluids with the phases in local dynamic equilibrium, or so-called locally homogeneous flow (LHF). The models differ in their particular balance of explanatory capability and precision. To derive them we impose partial conservation of the initial mass and energy fluxes, introducing loss factors again as disposable parameters. Depending on each model, the equations admit explicit or implicit analytical solutions or a numerical solution in the discretized model case. The described variables are the the two-phase fluid's composite density and velocity, both as functions of the distance from the nozzle, from which the dynamic pressure is calculated. Keywords Mathematical Modeling, Two Phase Fluid, Locally Homogeneous Flow, Statistically Stationary State IntroductionThe range of applications involving atomizing liquid jets forming two-phase fluid flows is still large. The complexity of the atomizing process, involving numerous physical phenomena and many variables, ranging from the conditions inside the nozzle (or some generating source) to the interaction between the atomization process and the environment into which the jet is penetrating, all account for numerous challenges in physical and mathematical modeling. Notwithstanding, several such models have been attempted to describe different aspects of the jets in this regime. For example, differential equations for a fuel jet's tip penetration distance as a function of time [1, 2, 3]; models for the gas entrainment rate in a full-cone spray [4]; and a one-dimensional model for the induced air velocity in sprays [5]. None of these models is sufficient by itself as explained below. In this study we propose three original related 1D mathematical models, so-called "energy jet models", for the macroscopic dynamics of a turbulent round jet ensuing from a circular nozzle into a stagnant fluid. This kind of jets serves as a basis for many industrial processes in modern manufacturing industry [6]. An advantage of our models over other analytical 1D models is that the simplest case of the "ideal energy jet" has a single experimentally measurable parameter (the jet half-angle θ) while it maintains reasonable predictive power and gives theoretical understanding that allows it to analytically calculate other physical quantities of interest. Moreover, the herein reported other extended models class, the "lossy energy jet" models, apply an energy conservation approach with simple turbulence and energy dissipation models, resulting in increased accuracy. Compared to the present study, past models either lack a description of the density or liquid fraction of the spray, make unrealistic assumptions or introduce parameters unavailable experimentally...

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Development and validation of a theoretical model for diesel spray penetration

Cited by 172 publications

References 19 publications

Consequences of using biodiesel on the injection and air–fuel mixing processes in diesel engines

Consequences of using biodiesel on the injection and air–fuel mixing processes in diesel engines

An Experimental Study on the Macroscopic Spray Characteristics of Biodiesel and Diesel in a Constant Volume Chamber

Mathematical models for turbulent round jets based on “ideal” and “lossy” conservation of mass and energy

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