Development and validation of a multi-residue liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry confirmatory method for eleven coccidiostats in eggs

Determination of Coccidiostats in Milk Products by LC–MS and Its Application to a Fermentation Experiment

“…Just recently Boscher et al [25] and Galarini et al [22] reported on its occurrence; Boscher et al in the case of veterinary drugs (ionophores as well) in feeding stuff, and Galarini in the case of coccidiostats in eggs. The phenomenon is mainly caused by the co-eluting matrix interferences suppressing or enhancing the abundance of ions generated by the target compounds.…”

“…This approach resulted in remarkably low standard deviations but it increases the number of samples notably. Therefore, we preferred an approach similar to that of Galarini et al [22]. We used matrix calibration, but instead of using prepared blank sample as the solvent for calibration solutions, five blank yoghurt samples fortified at five different concentration levels (0.5 9 ML-5 9 ML) were included in each batch and processed the same way as the other samples were.…”

“…More comprehensive methods such as the ones for eggs [20][21][22][23], feeding stuffs [24,25], muscle [26], and liver [27] are based on liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. This technique provides both the sensitivity and the selectivity required for reliable analysis of complex matrices at the low levels specified by the ML values.…”

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Synthetic Coccidiostats in Eggs

“…Several authors used an HPLC-MS technique for single and multiresidual determination of these compounds in eggs, in muscle and in feedstuffs [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] reaching a lower Limit of Detection (LOD) than HPLV-UV. Sample preparation is a critical step in the analysis of coccidiostats [26], and sometimes highly specific and selective methods like immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) can be used, [27], but this procedure, however, is very long, complex and expensive for routine analysis.…”

“…Most of the works use a chromatographic technique, especially high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detector or mass spectrometric detector [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”