Development and Testing of an LED-Based Near-Infrared Sensor for Human Kidney Tumor Diagnostics

Abstract

Optical spectroscopy is increasingly used for cancer diagnostics. Tumor detection feasibility in human kidney samples using mid- and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy has been reported (Artyushenko et al., Spectral fiber sensors for cancer diagnostics in vitro. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Biomedical Optics, Munich, Germany, 21–25 June 2015). In the present work, a simplification of the NIR spectroscopic analysis for cancer diagnostics was studied. The conventional high-resolution NIR spectroscopic method of kidney tumor diagnostics was replaced by a compact optical sensing device constructively represented by a set of four light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at selected wavelengths and one detecting photodiode. Two sensor prototypes were tested using 14 in vitro clinical samples of 7 different patients. Statistical data evaluation using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) confirmed the general applicability of the LED-based sensing approach to kidney tumor detection. An additional validation of the results was performed by means of sample permutation.

Synergy Effect of Combining Fluorescence and Mid Infrared Fiber Spectroscopy for Kidney Tumor Diagnostics

“…A typical view of the patient biopsies is presented in Figure 1 . Some further details on sample preparation can be found in previous publications by the authors [ 23 , 24 , 27 ].…”

“…The present study is a part of a larger research project, the main purpose of which is the development of new optical techniques for tumor margin identification that could be subsequently transformed into a clinical method and tool. The authors’ recent work from this series [ 23 , 24 ] was aimed at the development and testing of a near infrared (NIR) sensor for the diagnostics of kidney tumors based on four light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In the present study, we report a synergic effect of using MIR and fluorescence spectroscopy simultaneously, in distinguishing healthy and malignant tissue samples of the human kidney obtained from an operative cancer treatment.…”

Enticing applications of near‐infrared phosphors: Review and future perspectives

“…[ 5 ] NIR‐based LED technology has recently gained a significant amount of interest in the scientific and industrial communities. These LEDs have been incorporated in various devices, most of which are applied in the spectroscopic, [ 6–10 ] biological, [ 11–14 ] and agricultural fields. [ 15–17 ]…”

Investigating the Feasibility of a CMOS Camera in Developing a Shortwave Near Infrared Spectroscopy

“…The latter may due to the development of light emitting diode (LED) technology and machine learning that has enable the possibility to design a low cost portable NIR sensor for various researches [25] e.g. predicting the internal quality of pineapples [26], predicting the ripeness of white grapes [27], tumor discrimination [28], and predicting the glucose level [29], [30]. The former, on the other hand, has enhanced the scope of analysis from one spot to the whole area of a sample.…”