Development and testing of a low sludge discharge membrane bioreactor for greywater reclamation

Young, Stephanie; Xu, Aotian

doi:10.1139/s08-015

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Lesjean and Gnirss (2006) challenged the MBR unit with an extremely low SRT of 4 d and low HRT of 2 d, and achieved similar results to those under normal conditions. On the other hand, Young and Xu (2008) observed a trend of slightly increasing performance as SRT decreased from 65 to 48 d. SRTs also showed its effect on nitrogen removal. A low food-tomicroorganism (F/M) ratio and a long SRT accounted for higher nitrifying rates andenhanced nitrogen removal efficiency (Fan et al 2000;Schmidt et al 2003).…”

Section: Operating and Control Parametersmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Starch (0.3750 g), dextrose (0.1755 g), peptone (0.1800 g), beef extract (0.1275 g), sodium carbonate (0.2250 g), sodium bicarbonate (0.1170 g), trisodium phosphate (0.0810 g), urea (0.2355 g), ammonium sulfate (0.1305 g), solid detergent (0.1500 g), liquid detergent (0.3000 g), and water (1000 g) (Young and Xu, 2008) 5. Toothpaste (6.0 mg/L), shower gel (0.05 mL/L), cleaner (0.1 mL/L), shower oil (0.05 mL/L), shampoo (0.013 mL/L), bubble bath (0.035 mL/L), urea (20.0 mg/L), NH 4 Cl (12.5 mg/L), and K 2 HPO 4 (2.5 mg/L) (Scheumann and Kraume, 2009) (Asano et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Membrane Processes for Greywater and Rainwater Treatment

Hu¹,

Zhang²

2012

Membrane Technology and Environmental Applications

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As water scarcity being more urgent, water reuse has been receiving increased attention. Greywater (GW) is generally considered as municipal wastewater excluding that from kitchen and toilet flushing system (Nolde, 1999). With its low pollution level characteristics and representation of 60-70% of domestic wastewater (Friedler et al., 2005), GW is an ideal source for water reclamation. On the other hand, rainwater (RW) or stormwater also serves as an alternative water source, and is considered as one of the best existing approach to sustainable urban development (Kim et al., 2005). People in Thailand have been using RW as drinking water for centuries, especially in rural areas. Similar practice occurs in Bermuda as the residents harvest RW on rooftops to satisfy their freshwater needs (Levesque et al., 2008). Common pollutants in RW are found to be microorganisms, particles, colloids, heavy metals, organics, etc.. They originate from the contacts with the air and catchment surfaces, which make RW even less contaminated than GW, and hence an alternative for water recycling.Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology is promising in water reclamation as it produces good effluent quality, provides various plant sizes, and increases treatment system reliability while lowers the latent reuse risks (Fane and Fane, 2005). The feature of long solids retention times (SRTs) results in the ease of MBR operation. Recently, considerable research has been conducted on using MBRs to treat GW and RW, together with other treatment technologies; the effluent quality of MBRs has been found to be sufficient to meet current domestic wastewater reuse standards. However, information has not been reviewed and summarized on the performance (e.g., treatment efficiency and membrane fouling) of MBRs in GW and RW treatment under different conditions, with the influence of different operational parameters, and in combinations with different pretreatment technologies.This chapter first presents an overview of using MBRs to treat GW and RW in terms of treatment performance, affecting parameters and membrane fouling, and then provides a case study on using the combination of a shredded tire biofilter (STB) 382 Membrane Technology and Environmental Applications Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by New York University on 04/11/15.

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Section: Operating and Control Parametersmentioning

confidence: 89%

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confidence: 99%

Membrane Processes for Greywater and Rainwater Treatment

Hu¹,

Zhang²

2012

Membrane Technology and Environmental Applications

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“…The detection of faecal coliforms in the permeate was attributed to accidental contamination of the treated water in the distribution system (Merz et al, 2007). Young and Xu (2008) developed and tested a low-sludge discharge membrane bioreactor for greywater reclamation. This system was designed to operate at a high biomass concentration by reducing the sludge wasting rate.…”

Section: Membrane Bioreactormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These sources include bathroom sinks, bathtubs, showers, laundry machines, and dishwashers (Ghaitidak and Yadav, 2013). Greywater mainly contains food particles, detergents, soap residues, oil/grease, and pathogens (Young and Xu, 2008). The actual characteristics vary considerably from source to source, and are largely influenced by the lifestyle of the occupants of a given building, their location, and the surrounding climatic conditions (Oteng-Peprah et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Treatment for Greywater Reclamation

Chen¹,

Wu²,

Young³

et al. 2020

J ENVIRON INFORM LET

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Greywater reclamation is generally recognized as a viable solution to mitigate the challenges caused by water scarcity, increasing wastewater production, and increasingly stringent wastewater discharge permits. Biological processes may provide lower capital and operating costs, and less sludge production, than comparable physicochemical processes. This paper provides a general overview of the biological treatment processes currently available for greywater reclamation, including: rotating biological contactors, sequencing batch reactors, anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactors, constructed wetlands, membrane bioreactors, and hybrid membrane bioreactors. The advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of each of these technologies were examined in detail. The challenges of using reclaimed greywater were also examined in relation to the long-term sustainability of greywater reclamation. On balance, membrane-based processes were found to be among the most promising technologies for decentralized greywater reclamation, due largely to the quality of their treated water and compact size.

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“…Membrane Treatment. For the reclamation of greywater, a low sludge discharge membrane bioreactor (LSDMBR) was developed and found to achieve a 95% removal of anionic surfactants, and 90% removal of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (Young and Xu, 2008). Low installation space requirements and sludge discharge were determined to be key advantages of the LSDMBR system for greywater reclamation and reuse.…”

Section: Integrated Process Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Reclamation and Reuse

Mackie¹,

Woszczynski²,

Farmer³

et al. 2009

Water Environment Research

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A review of the literature published in 2008 on topics relating to water reclamation and reuse is presented. This review is divided into the following sections: (1) General: extent of reuse, research needs, guidelines and monitoring, and health effects, (2) Treatment Technologies: integrated process design, electrodialysis/electrodeionization, membrane treatment, chemical recovery for industrial wastewaters, disinfection, and (3) Planning and Management: public acceptance & education, economics and pricing, water quality planning and management and project/case studies.

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Development and testing of a low sludge discharge membrane bioreactor for greywater reclamation

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Membrane Processes for Greywater and Rainwater Treatment

Membrane Processes for Greywater and Rainwater Treatment

Biological Treatment for Greywater Reclamation

Water Reclamation and Reuse

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