DEVELOPMENT AND SURVIVAL OF PODISUS MACULIVENTRIS (SAY) AND PODISUS SAGITTA (FAB.) (HETEROPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) AT VARIOUS CONSTANT TEMPERATURES

Abstract

Development and survival of the predatory pentatomids Podisus maculiventris (Say) and Podisus sagitta (Fab.) were studied at six constant temperatures ranging from 19 to 35 °C. Time required for development from egg to adult ranged from 48.9 days (19 °C) to 18.9 days (30 °C) for P. maculiventris and from 51.9 days (19 °C) to 16.9 days (33 °C) for P. sagitta. At 33 °C, eggs of P. maculiventris did not hatch and development of nymphs that had emerged at 23 °C was retarded; none of the first-instar nymphs incubated at 35 °C survived the next moult. A constant temperature of 35 °C was fatal to P. sagitta eggs and extended the developmental period of nymphs from 23 °C. Egg hatch ranged from 47% (19 °C) to 57% (27 °C) for P. maculiventris and from 54% (33 °C) to 71% (27 °C) for P. sagitta. Nymphal survival was high at moderate temperatures, with 63–78% and 65–82% of the first-instar nymphs of the respective species reaching adulthood. Mortality during the nymphal stage was significantly increased at high temperatures, but was considerably lower for P. sagitta than for P. maculiventris. Lower threshold temperatures for egg and nymphal development were estimated to be 10.7 and 11.7 °C for P. maculiventris, and 13.3 and 12.2 °C for P. sagitta. Thermal requirements for these stages were 78.2 and 275.5 degree-days, and 60.9 and 265.5 degree-days, respectively. These observations suggest that P. sagitta is somewhat better adapted to high temperatures than is P. maculiventris.

Nymphal development and feeding preference of Podisus maculiventris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on eggs of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) parasitised or not by Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

“…The development period from second instar to adulthood of P. maculiventris with unparasitised eggs of E. kuehniella (20.2 days) was similar to that reported for this predator when fed with larvae of Galleria mellonella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (De Clercq & Degheele, 1992) and S. exigua (De Clercq & Degheele, 1994), which are considered good prey for this predator. Furthermore, 80% of nymphs successfully reached adult stage when exclusively fed on unparasitised E. kuehniella eggs.…”

The effect of temperature on the development of Nephus includens (Kirsch) and Nephus bisignatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), predators of Planococcus citri Risso (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)

“…Linear or thermal summation U varo ν 1931, Wigglesworth 1953, Campbell et al 1974, Campbell and Mackauer 1975, Johnson et al 1979, Obrycki and Tauber 1982, Logan 1988, De Clerq and Degheele 1992, Lamb, 1992, Fomasari, 1995, Lactin and Johnson 1995, Stathas 2000, Muniz and Nombela 2001. , Lactin and Johnson 1995, Briere and Pracros 1998, Royer et' al.…”

“…The omission was necessary for the correct calculation of the parameters t mm and Κ (De Clerq and Degheele 1992). Furthermore, equations (1) and (3)( Table 1) were considered as equivalent, and parameters Κ and t mi " were estimated from the linear regression.…”

Development, survival and reproduction of Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) with salt and amino acids solutions supplementary diet

“…Studies on Asopinae have been made mainly with natural and alternative prey to achieve the maximum development and reproduction of these bugs (Zanuncio et al, 1996). The availability and quality of prey may influence the life history of these predators (Valicente and O´Neil, 1993;De Clercq et al, 1998;Mourão et al, 2003), but it can also feed on plants without damaging them Stimac, 1985, 1987;Ruberson et al, 1986;De Clercq and Degheele, 1992;Lemos et al, 2001;Evangelista Jr. et al, 2004). This feeding behavior allows classifying these species as zoophytophagous (Coll and Guershon, 2002) because feeding on plant and prey may improve biological characteristics of natural enemies (Lemos et al, 2001;Oliveira et al, 2002).…”