Development and polymorphism of Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata microsatellite markers used for phylogenetic analysis in asparagus bean (Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedialis (L.) Verdc.)

Genome wide linkage disequilibrium in Chinese asparagus bean (Vigna. unguiculata ssp. sesquipedialis) germplasm: implications for domestication history and genome wide association studies

“…Despite their diverse morphological characteristics and origins, the genetic diversity within the sample set is low, as reflected by the low level of SNP polymorphism and genetic distance. This result is consistent with previous phylogenetic studies based on AFLP or SSR markers (Fang et al, 2007;Xu et al, 2010). However, these results should be viewed with some caution because of potential ascertainment bias in the original selection of SNPs put on the platform used in the assays (Muchero et al, 2009).…”

“…Although genetic diversity has not been comprehensively assessed in the asparagus bean germplasm, it is likely low, keeping the assumption that the crop may have derived from a limited sample of the wider cowpea gene pool that moved from Africa to east Asia, followed by a further genetic narrowing as strong selection for long pods gave rise to the present day ssp. sesquipedialis (Fang et al, 2007;Xu et al, 2010). Assessing both genetic variation levels and genome-wide LD patterns in asparagus bean thus would not only be important for LD mapping but also shed some light on the past effects of intensive human selection for vegetable use, compared with materials that would be closer to the ancestral species.…”

Genetic interrelationship among cowpea varieties elucidatedthrough morphometric, RAPD and SSR analyses

“…A total of 58 SSR primers (Sigma Aldrich, India) reported in cowpea by Xu et al (2010) were screened with 10 varieties of cowpea. Since the annealing temperatures for these SSR primers have not optimized in the previous works, including the one which reports the sequences, we have standardized the same for each primer sets.…”

Cowpea

“…All types of molecular markers were used to characterize DNA variation patterns within cultivated cowpea and closely related wild species. These include allozymes (Panella & Gepts, 1992;Pasquet, 1993Pasquet, , 1999Pasquet, , 2000Vaillancourt, Weeden, & Barnard, 1993), seed storage proteins (Fotso, Azanza, Pasquet, & Raymond, 1994), chloroplast DNA polymorphism (Vaillancourt & Weeden, 1992), RFLP , amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) (Fang, Chao, Roberts, & Ehlers, 2007;Fatokun, Young, & Myers, 1997;Tosti & Negri, 2002), DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) (Simon, Benko-Iseppon, Resende, Winter, & Kahl, 2007;Spencer et al, 2000), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Ba, Pasquet, & Gepts, 2004;Diouf & Hilu, 2005;Fall, Diouf, Fall-Ndiaye, Badiane, & Gueye, 2003;Mignouna, Ng, Ikea, & Thottapilly, 1998;Nkongolo, 2003;Xavier, Martins, Rumjanek, & Filho, 2005;Zannou et al, 2008), simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (Ogunkanmi, Ogundipe, Ng, & Fatokun, 2008;Uma, Hittalamani, Murthy, & Viswanatha, 2009;Wang, Barkley, Gillaspie, & Pederson, 2008;Xu et al, 2010), cross species SSRs from Medicago (Sawadogo, Ouédraogo, Gowda, & Timko, 2010), inter-simple sequence repeats (Ghalmi et al, 2010) and sequence tagged microsatellite sites (STMS) (Abe, Xu, Suzuki, Kanazawa, & Shimamoto, 2003;Choumane, Winter, Weigand, & Kahl, 2000;He, Poysa, & Yu, 2003;Li, Fatokun, Ubi, Singh, & Scoles, 2001). All these studies have contributed greatly to the understanding of cowpea genome organization and its evolution.…”