Development and Evaluation of Patient Information Leaflet for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients

Abstract

BackgroundPatient education (PE) is as important as medical and surgical interventions in the management of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Patient information leaflets (PILs) are globally accepted patient counseling aids.ObjectivesThis study aimed at developing PILs for DFU patients and investigating its validation.MethodsThe PILs were prepared based on different model leaflets available from various online resources, including “Patient UK”. The PILs readability was evaluated by Flesch/ Flesch-Kincaid readability (FRE/FK-GL) method before user-testing (n = 34 DFU patients) by quasi-experimental methods in patients with DFU. Additionally, user-opinion on legibility and content of the PIL was also determined. Baker Able Leaflet Design (BALD) method was employed to assess the layout and design characteristics of the PIL.ResultsThe best FRE score achieved was 73.9 and the FK-GL score was 6.1. The mean BALD assessment score for English and Kannada versions of PIL were 27 and 26, respectively. The ICC of the test-retest reliability of user-testing and user-opinion questionnaires in both English and Kannada ranged from 0.91 to 0.96. The overall user-testing knowledge-based mean score significantly improved from 43.4 to 69.7 (P < 0.05). Overall, 82.4% of patients reported overall user-opinion on legibility and content of the PIL as good.ConclusionsThe developed PILs met the criteria of fairly easy readability and good layout design. The user-opinion of the majority of patients reported the PIL content, legibility, and design as good. The Pictogram-based PILs (P-PILs) was found to be an effective PE tool in DFU patients.

Development and validation of patient information leaflet for coronary heart disease patients

“…In the present study, readability was evaluated by both western formula and user testing questionnaires. [ 4 11 14 15 ] The mean BALD score for developed PILs in English language was better compared to previous studies,[ 11 15 16 ] and the score was similar to Mateti et al . [ 14 ] The mean BALD score for the prepared PILs in the Kannada language was 27 whereas 26 in previous studies.…”

“…This study was involved in the development and validation of PILs for CHD, and the previous researches developed and validated leaflets on peptic ulcer, hypertension, diabetes, asthma,[ 11 ] hemodialysis[ 14 ] and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,[ 15 ] diabetic foot ulcer,[ 16 ] and tuberculosis. [ 8 ] This study is unique, compared to previous studies as many of the earlier studies used either western formula or user-testing questionnaires to assess the readability of PILs.…”

“…[ 14 ] The mean BALD score for the prepared PILs in the Kannada language was 27 whereas 26 in previous studies. [ 10 16 ]…”

Pasienters evaluering av informasjonsskrivet til CT abdomen

“…Brukertesting av informasjons-skriv vil kunne forebygge noen av de problemene nevnt ovenfor. Ved hjelp av brukertesting i en gruppe testpersoner kan man vurdere om et dokument er lesbart, oversiktlig og enkelt å bruke (Sekhar M et al, 2017). Mange undersøkelser om pasienttilfredshet viser at de fleste pasienter er stort sett fornøyde med de tekniske aspektene i helsevesenet (The National Cancer Alliance, 1996, gjengitt etter i Payne, 2002), men forskning viser varierende resultater vedrørende om pasientene er fornøyd med kvaliteten på informasjon som gis.…”

“…Tidligere studier har evaluert og/eller forbedret informasjons-skriv som finnes om en rekke sykdommer, legemidler og undersøkelser (Smith et al, 1998;Raynor et al, 2007;Sekhar M et al, 2017;Okan et al, 2019). Basert på vårt litteratursøk er vi ikke kjent med at det har blitt publisert forskning spesifikt på informasjons-skriv gitt i forkant av CT-undersøkelser på nasjonalt nivå i Norge.…”