Development and evaluation of an IgY based silica matrix immunoassay platform for rapid onsite SEB detection

Abstract

The present study involves immunoassay platform development based on a surface functionalized silica matrix for rapid onsite detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB).

Nanobodies Based on a Sandwich Immunoassay for the Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Free from Interference by Protein A

“…Table shows a brief overview of the immunoassay for SEB detection. Despite the significant advances in sensitivity, these methods would all require complex modifications for operation, which was difficult to apply for practical food poisoning confirmation. ,,,− Most of these were not mentioned in the interference of SpA. Although the sandwich chemiluminescent immunoassay using mAbs as capture antibodies and nanobodies as detection antibodies have been reported for SEB, SpA interference was unavoidable for the confirmation of food poisoning caused by SEB contamination, while the LOD was 5 times higher than in this study …”

“…20 to SpA and was recently reported to be used for the detection of SEs during immunoassays. 21,22 Recently, a variable heavy chain domain (VHH), also referred to as a nanobody (Nb), became an attractive choice as an immunoreagent. The Nb present in the sera of camelids and cartilaginous fish represent the smallest full Fab derived from the VHH of heavy-chain-only antibodies that occur naturally.…”

“…Most of the commercially available ELISA kits employ the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) to replace the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody, which is not an ideal alternative as a result of the complex preparation process and instability . Avian immunoglobulin Y (IgY) has a considerable advantage over IgG as a result of a lower affinity to SpA and was recently reported to be used for the detection of SEs during immunoassays. , …”

Advances in Chicken IgY-Based Immunoassays for the Detection of Chemical and Biological Hazards in Food Samples

“…84 Recently, an ELISA was developed to detect SEB with improved sensitivity because of the employment of rabbit IgG and IgY as capture and detection antibodies to form the sandwich structure. 85 In addition to ELISA, a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based competitive immuno-assay was also utilized for monitoring SEB. 86 In FRET, quantum dots (QDs) and Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) bioconjugated with SEB and anti-SEB IgY were used as the donor and acceptor, respectively.…”

“…Subsequently, Reddy et al also used the characteristic of IgY to exclude the interference of SPA and built a simple ELISA for SEB detection with a LOD of 10 ng mL –1 in milk, implying that advantageous IgY avoids SPA interference in food samples . Recently, an ELISA was developed to detect SEB with improved sensitivity because of the employment of rabbit IgG and IgY as capture and detection antibodies to form the sandwich structure . In addition to ELISA, a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based competitive immunoassay was also utilized for monitoring SEB .…”